Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Treachery of King John, sentence 74
First he suffered the brethren to pass unharmed when he might have taken them at a disadvantage in a narrow road; afterwards, when they were in the plain, he himself led his knights against them.
Who acts: way, knights · What happens: suffer, pass, take, be, lead · To what, where: brethren, knights, disadvantage, plain
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Treachery of King John. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (way, knights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | First | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 suffered | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 suffered | nsubj |
| 3 | suffered | suffer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 brethren | det |
| 5 | brethren | brethren | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 suffered | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 pass | mark |
| 7 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 suffered | advcl |
| 8 | unharmed | unharmed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 pass | xcomp |
| 9 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 13 taken | mark |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 taken | nsubj |
| 11 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 taken | aux |
| 12 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 taken | aux |
| 13 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 pass | advcl |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 taken | obj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 disadvantage | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 disadvantage | det |
| 17 | disadvantage | disadvantage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 taken | obl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 road | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 road | det |
| 20 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 road | amod |
| 21 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 disadvantage | nmod |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 led | punct |
| 23 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 34 led | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 afterwards | punct |
| 25 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 30 plain | advmod |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 plain | nsubj |
| 27 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 plain | cop |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 plain | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 plain | det |
| 30 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 led | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 plain | punct |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 led | nsubj |
| 33 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 32 he | nmod:unmarked |
| 34 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 suffered | conj |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 knights | nmod:poss |
| 36 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 led | obj |
| 37 | against | against | ADP | _ | 38 them | case |
| 38 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 led | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 suffered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | suffer | past | way | the brethren | first property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer brethren=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | way not said here | unharmed property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | take | might · perfect | way | knights = knight | a disadvantage in a narrow road | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent they=Theme at disadvantage=Asset | |||
| 4 | is | past | knights = knight | the plain | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | lead | past | way | way's knights | against knights = knight; afterwards property | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent knight=Theme against they=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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