Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Craft of Mawgis, sentence 102
Nevertheless he restrained himself, making a sign to Richard, and when Richard knew him he was glad, being sure that he should be delivered by his means.
Who acts: Mawgis, Richard · What happens: restrain, make, know, be, deliver, mean · To what, where: Mawgis, sign, Richard · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Craft of Mawgis. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mawgis, Richard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nevertheless | nevertheless | ADV | _ | 3 restrained | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 restrained | nsubj |
| 3 | restrained | restrain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 restrained | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 making | punct |
| 6 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 restrained | advcl |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 sign | det |
| 8 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 making | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 Richard | case |
| 10 | Richard | Richard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 sign | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 knew | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 knew | cc |
| 13 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 knew | advmod |
| 14 | Richard | Richard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 knew | nsubj |
| 15 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 restrained | parataxis |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 knew | obj |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 glad | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 glad | cop |
| 19 | glad | glad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 knew | ccomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 sure | punct |
| 21 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 sure | cop |
| 22 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 glad | conj |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 27 delivered | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 delivered | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 delivered | aux |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 delivered | aux:pass |
| 27 | delivered | deliver | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 sure | ccomp |
| 28 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 30 means | mark |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 means | nmod:poss |
| 30 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 delivered | advcl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 restrained | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | restrain | past | Mawgis | Mawgis | nevertheless property | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer himself=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | make | gerund | Mawgis not said here | a sign | to Richard | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sign=Product | |||
| 3 | know | past | Richard | Mawgis | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | is | past | Richard | glad property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is | gerund | Richard not said here | sure property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | deliver | should · passive | Richard | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 7 | mean | present | Richard nmod:poss | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/8/102/