Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Craft of Mawgis, sentence 26
When he had thought a long while he began to speak, telling all the story of his life, how he had himself done wrong to others, and how he had suffered many things, and was bound to show mercy rather than hardness. "
Who acts: Reynaud · What happens: think, begin, speak, tell, have, do · To what, where: story, Reynaud, many things, mercy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Craft of Mawgis. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Reynaud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 thought | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 thought | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 thought | aux |
| 4 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 long | det |
| 6 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 thought | xcomp |
| 7 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 9 began | mark |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 began | nsubj |
| 9 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 thought | ccomp |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 speak | mark |
| 11 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 began | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 telling | punct |
| 13 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 speak | advcl |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 story | det:predet |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 story | det |
| 16 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 telling | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 life | case |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 life | nmod:poss |
| 19 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 story | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 had | punct |
| 21 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 23 had | advmod |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 had | nsubj |
| 23 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 telling | conj |
| 24 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 23 had | obj |
| 25 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 had | xcomp |
| 26 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 done | xcomp |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 others | case |
| 28 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 done | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 suffered | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 suffered | cc |
| 31 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 34 suffered | advmod |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 suffered | nsubj |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 suffered | aux |
| 34 | suffered | suffer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 thought | conj |
| 35 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 things | amod |
| 36 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 suffered | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 bound | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 bound | cc |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 bound | cop |
| 40 | bound | bound | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 thought | parataxis |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 show | mark |
| 42 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 bound | advcl |
| 43 | mercy | mercy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 show | obj |
| 44 | rather | rather | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 46 hardness | cc |
| 45 | than | than | ADP | _ | 44 rather | fixed |
| 46 | hardness | hardness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 mercy | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 thought | punct |
| 48 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past · perfect | Reynaud | long property | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | Reynaud | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | Reynaud not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | tell speech: assert | gerund | Reynaud not said here | all story of Reynaud's life | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | have | past | Reynaud | Reynaud | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | do | participle | Reynaud not said here | to others; wrong property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | suffer | past · perfect | Reynaud | many things | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | is | past | bound property | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | show | to-infinitive | mercy rather hardness | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mercy=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/8/26/