Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, More Deeds of Mawgis, sentence 14
But many of the King's knights pursued him, and hindered him from escaping, and at the last Oliver overthrew him, casting him down from his horse to the ground, so that he was fain to yield himself prisoner.
Who acts: many, Reynaud · What happens: pursue, hinder, escape, overthrow, cast down, be · To what, where: Reynaud, last Oliver, ground
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, More Deeds of Mawgis. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many, Reynaud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 pursued | cc |
| 2 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 pursued | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 knights | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 King | det |
| 5 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 knights | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 King | case |
| 7 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 many | nmod |
| 8 | pursued | pursue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 pursued | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 hindered | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 hindered | cc |
| 12 | hindered | hinder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 pursued | conj |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 hindered | obj |
| 14 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 15 escaping | mark |
| 15 | escaping | escape | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 hindered | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 overthrew | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 overthrew | cc |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 Oliver | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Oliver | det |
| 20 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 Oliver | amod |
| 21 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 overthrew | obl |
| 22 | overthrew | overthrow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 pursued | parataxis |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 overthrew | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 casting | punct |
| 25 | casting | cast | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 overthrew | advcl |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 casting | obj |
| 27 | down | down | ADP | _ | 25 casting | compound:prt |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 horse | case |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 horse | nmod:poss |
| 30 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 casting | obl |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 ground | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 ground | det |
| 33 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 casting | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 fain | punct |
| 35 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 39 fain | mark |
| 36 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 so | fixed |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 fain | nsubj |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 fain | cop |
| 39 | fain | fain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 overthrew | conj |
| 40 | to | to | PART | _ | 41 yield | mark |
| 41 | yield | yield | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 fain | csubj |
| 42 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 41 yield | obj |
| 43 | prisoner | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 yield | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 pursued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pursue | past | many of the King's knights | Reynaud | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hinder | past | many of the King's knights not said here | Reynaud | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer he=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | escape | gerund | many of the King's knights not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | overthrow | past | Reynaud | the last Oliver | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | cast down | gerund | Reynaud | the ground | from Reynaud's horse | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme from horse=Initial_Location to ground=Destination | |||
| 6 | is | past | Reynaud | fain property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | yield | to-infinitive | Reynaud | prisoner obj | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent himself=Goal prisoner=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/9/14/