Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular, Opening, part 13, sentence 102
To the apprehension of the common field-hand there was no gainsaying the fact that the spirits of the departed walked the earth and revisited the scenes of their former occupancy.
Who acts: spirits, spirit · What happens: be, gainsay, depart, walk, revisit, apprehend · To what, where: no, fact, earth, scenes, common field hand
This is a sentence of «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spirits, spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 3 apprehension | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 apprehension | det |
| 3 | apprehension | apprehension | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 was | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 hand | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hand | det |
| 6 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 hand | amod |
| 7 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hand | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 field | punct |
| 9 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 apprehension | nmod |
| 10 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 11 was | expl |
| 11 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 11 was | obj |
| 13 | gainsaying | gainsay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 no | acl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 fact | det |
| 15 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 gainsaying | obj |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 walked | mark |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 spirits | det |
| 18 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 walked | nsubj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | ExtPos=ADV | 22 walked | advmod |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 departed | det |
| 21 | departed | depart | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 of | fixed |
| 22 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 fact | acl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 earth | det |
| 24 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 walked | obj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 revisited | cc |
| 26 | revisited | revisit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 walked | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 scenes | det |
| 28 | scenes | scene | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 revisited | obj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 occupancy | case |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 occupancy | nmod:poss |
| 31 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 occupancy | amod |
| 32 | occupancy | occupancy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 scenes | nmod |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | no | there | to the apprehension of the common field hand | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot no=Theme to apprehension=Attribute | |||
| 2 | gainsay | gerund | the fact | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | depart | participle | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | walk | past | the spirits | the earth | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme earth=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | revisit | past | the spirits not said here | the scenes of spirit's former occupancy | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | apprehend | the common field hand | nom apprehension «feeling transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | occupy | spirit | nom occupancy «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Project Gutenberg book 76586 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76586/13/102/