Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular, Opening, part 15, sentence 11
_Bactize_, baptize _Bague_, to beg _Barruh_, barrow _Beber_, beaver _Bedout_, without _Ben_, bend, bent, been _Berry_, very _Bes_, best _Bex_, vex, vexed _Bidness_, business _Biggin_, begin, began _Bimeby_, by and by, presently _Binner_, was, were _Bittle_, victuals _Blan_, in the habit of, accustomed to _Blanks_⎫ _Blants_⎭ belongs to _Bleebe_, believe _Bleege_, obliged, compelled _Bodder_, to bother _Bode_, board, boards _Bofe_, both _Bole_, bold _Boun_, resolved upon, forced to _Bredder_, brother _Bref_, breath _Bres_, breast _Bresh_, brush-wood, to brush _Broke up_, to leave, to depart _Brukwus_, breakfast _Buckra_, white man _Bud_, bird _Budduh_⎫ _Buh_ ⎭ brother _Buhhine_, behind _Bun_, burn _Buss_, burst, or break through
Who acts: Bactize, Bex, ⎭ · What happens: baptize, beg, bend, vex, begin, be · To what, where: Bague, Barruh, Bidness, Bimeby, habit, Bleebe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bactize, Bex, ⎭), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 baptize | punct |
| 2 | Bactize | Bactize | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 baptize | nsubj |
| 3 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 2 Bactize | punct |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 baptize | punct |
| 5 | baptize | baptize | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 7 Bague | punct |
| 7 | Bague | Bague | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 baptize | obj |
| 8 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 7 Bague | punct |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 beg | punct |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 beg | mark |
| 11 | beg | beg | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 baptize | conj |
| 12 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 Barruh | punct |
| 13 | Barruh | Barruh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 beg | obj |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 Barruh | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 barrow | punct |
| 16 | barrow | barrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 Barruh | appos |
| 17 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 18 Beber | punct |
| 18 | Beber | Beber | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 baptize | obj |
| 19 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 18 Beber | punct |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 beaver | punct |
| 21 | beaver | beaver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 Beber | appos |
| 22 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 18 Beber | punct |
| 23 | Bedout | Bedout | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Beber | flat |
| 24 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 baptize | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Ben | punct |
| 26 | without | without | ADP | _ | 28 Ben | case |
| 27 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 26 without | punct |
| 28 | Ben | Ben | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 baptize | obl |
| 29 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 baptize | punct |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 bend | punct |
| 31 | bend | bend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 baptize | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 bent | punct |
| 33 | bent | bend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 Berry | amod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 been | punct |
| 35 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 _ | cop |
| 36 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 33 bent | punct |
| 37 | Berry | Berry | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 baptize | obl |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 37 Berry | punct |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 Bes | punct |
| 40 | very | very | ADV | _ | 42 Bes | advmod |
| 41 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 Bes | punct |
| 42 | Bes | be | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 baptize | obj |
| 43 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 Bes | punct |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 best | punct |
| 45 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 baptize | parataxis |
| 46 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 47 Bex | punct |
| 47 | Bex | Bex | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 vexed | nsubj |
| 48 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 47 Bex | punct |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 vex | punct |
| 50 | vex | vex | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 Bex | appos |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 vexed | punct |
| 52 | vexed | vex | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 best | acl:relcl |
| 53 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 54 Bidness | punct |
| 54 | Bidness | Bidness | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 vexed | obj |
| 55 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 54 Bidness | punct |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 business | punct |
| 57 | business | business | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 Bidness | appos |
| 58 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 54 Bidness | punct |
| 59 | Biggin | Biggin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 Bidness | flat |
| 60 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 54 Bidness | punct |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 begin | punct |
| 62 | begin | begin | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 baptize | advcl |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 began | punct |
| 64 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 62 begin | ccomp |
| 65 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 66 Bimeby | punct |
| 66 | Bimeby | Bimeby | PROPN | Number=Sing | 64 began | obl |
| 67 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 64 began | punct |
| 68 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 92 habit | punct |
| 69 | by | by | ADP | _ | 92 habit | case |
| 70 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 71 by | cc |
| 71 | by | by | ADP | _ | 69 by | conj |
| 72 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 92 habit | punct |
| 73 | presently | presently | ADV | _ | 92 habit | advmod |
| 74 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 92 habit | punct |
| 75 | Binner | Binner | PROPN | Number=Sing | 80 were | nsubj |
| 76 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 75 Binner | punct |
| 77 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 Binner | punct |
| 78 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 80 were | cop |
| 79 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 80 were | punct |
| 80 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 92 habit | cop |
| 81 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 85 victuals | punct |
| 82 | Bittle | Bittle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 85 victuals | compound |
| 83 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 82 Bittle | punct |
| 84 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 85 victuals | punct |
| 85 | victuals | victual | NOUN | Number=Plur | 80 were | nsubj |
| 86 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 87 Blan | punct |
| 87 | Blan | Blan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 85 victuals | appos |
| 88 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 87 Blan | punct |
| 89 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 92 habit | punct |
| 90 | in | in | ADP | _ | 92 habit | case |
| 91 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 92 habit | det |
| 92 | habit | habit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 begin | obl |
| 93 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 95 accustomed | mark |
| 94 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 93 of | punct |
| 95 | accustomed | accustom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 92 habit | acl |
| 96 | to | to | ADP | _ | 95 accustomed | obl |
| 97 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 98 Blanks | punct |
| 98 | Blanks | blank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 92 habit | appos |
| 99 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 100 ⎫ | punct |
| 100 | ⎫ | ⎫ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 98 Blanks | conj |
| 101 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 102 Blants | punct |
| 102 | Blants | Blant | PROPN | Number=Plur | 98 Blanks | conj |
| 103 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 105 belongs | punct |
| 104 | ⎭ | ⎭ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 105 belongs | nsubj |
| 105 | belongs | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 98 Blanks | conj |
| 106 | to | to | ADP | _ | 108 Bleebe | case |
| 107 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 106 to | punct |
| 108 | Bleebe | Bleebe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 105 belongs | obl |
| 109 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 108 Bleebe | punct |
| 110 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 111 believe | punct |
| 111 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 108 Bleebe | parataxis |
| 112 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 113 Bleege | punct |
| 113 | Bleege | Bleege | PROPN | Number=Sing | 111 believe | obj |
| 114 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 113 Bleege | punct |
| 115 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 116 obliged | punct |
| 116 | obliged | oblige | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 111 believe | ccomp |
| 117 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 118 compelled | punct |
| 118 | compelled | compel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 116 obliged | conj |
| 119 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 120 Bodder | punct |
| 120 | Bodder | Bodder | PROPN | Number=Sing | 111 believe | parataxis |
| 121 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 120 Bodder | punct |
| 122 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 124 bother | punct |
| 123 | to | to | PART | _ | 124 bother | mark |
| 124 | bother | bother | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 111 believe | parataxis |
| 125 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 126 Bode | punct |
| 126 | Bode | Bode | PROPN | Number=Sing | 124 bother | obj |
| 127 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 126 Bode | punct |
| 128 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 129 board | punct |
| 129 | board | board | NOUN | Number=Sing | 126 Bode | appos |
| 130 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 131 boards | punct |
| 131 | boards | board | NOUN | Number=Plur | 126 Bode | conj |
| 132 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 126 Bode | punct |
| 133 | Bofe | Bofe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 126 Bode | flat |
| 134 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 126 Bode | punct |
| 135 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 138 Bole | punct |
| 136 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 138 Bole | det |
| 137 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 138 Bole | punct |
| 138 | Bole | bole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 126 Bode | appos |
| 139 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 138 Bole | punct |
| 140 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 141 bold | punct |
| 141 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 126 Bode | parataxis |
| 142 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 143 Boun | punct |
| 143 | Boun | Boun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 126 Bode | conj |
| 144 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 126 Bode | punct |
| 145 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 146 resolved | punct |
| 146 | resolved | resolve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 126 Bode | acl:relcl |
| 147 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 146 resolved | compound:prt |
| 148 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 149 forced | punct |
| 149 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 126 Bode | parataxis |
| 150 | to | to | ADP | _ | 152 Bredder | case |
| 151 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 150 to | punct |
| 152 | Bredder | Bredder | PROPN | Number=Sing | 149 forced | obl |
| 153 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 149 forced | punct |
| 154 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 155 brother | punct |
| 155 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 126 Bode | conj |
| 156 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 157 Bref | punct |
| 157 | Bref | Bref | PROPN | Number=Sing | 126 Bode | appos |
| 158 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 157 Bref | punct |
| 159 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 160 breath | punct |
| 160 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 126 Bode | acl:relcl |
| 161 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 162 Bres | punct |
| 162 | Bres | Bres | PROPN | Number=Sing | 124 bother | parataxis |
| 163 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 162 Bres | punct |
| 164 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 165 breast | punct |
| 165 | breast | breast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 162 Bres | appos |
| 166 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 167 Bresh | punct |
| 167 | Bresh | Bresh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 162 Bres | conj |
| 168 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 162 Bres | punct |
| 169 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 170 brush | punct |
| 170 | brush | brush | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 111 believe | parataxis |
| 171 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 172 wood | punct |
| 172 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 170 brush | obj |
| 173 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 175 brush | punct |
| 174 | to | to | PART | _ | 175 brush | mark |
| 175 | brush | brush | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 170 brush | conj |
| 176 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 177 Broke | punct |
| 177 | Broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 175 brush | ccomp |
| 178 | up | up | ADP | _ | 177 Broke | compound:prt |
| 179 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 177 Broke | punct |
| 180 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 182 leave | punct |
| 181 | to | to | PART | _ | 182 leave | mark |
| 182 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 175 brush | parataxis |
| 183 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 185 depart | punct |
| 184 | to | to | PART | _ | 185 depart | mark |
| 185 | depart | depart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 182 leave | conj |
| 186 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 187 Brukwus | punct |
| 187 | Brukwus | Brukwus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 185 depart | obj |
| 188 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 187 Brukwus | punct |
| 189 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 190 breakfast | punct |
| 190 | breakfast | breakfast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 187 Brukwus | appos |
| 191 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 187 Brukwus | punct |
| 192 | Buckra | Buckra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 187 Brukwus | flat |
| 193 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 187 Brukwus | punct |
| 194 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 196 man | punct |
| 195 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 196 man | amod |
| 196 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 187 Brukwus | appos |
| 197 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 187 Brukwus | punct |
| 198 | Bud | Bud | PROPN | Number=Sing | 187 Brukwus | nmod:unmarked |
| 199 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 187 Brukwus | punct |
| 200 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 201 bird | punct |
| 201 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 187 Brukwus | acl:relcl |
| 202 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 203 Budduh | punct |
| 203 | Budduh | Budduh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 185 depart | obl |
| 204 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 205 ⎫ | punct |
| 205 | ⎫ | ⎫ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 203 Budduh | conj |
| 206 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 207 Buh | punct |
| 207 | Buh | Buh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 182 leave | obl |
| 208 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 210 brother | punct |
| 209 | ⎭ | ⎭ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 210 brother | compound |
| 210 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 207 Buh | appos |
| 211 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 212 Buhhine | punct |
| 212 | Buhhine | Buhhine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 207 Buh | conj |
| 213 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 175 brush | punct |
| 214 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 217 Bun | punct |
| 215 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 217 Bun | case |
| 216 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 215 behind | punct |
| 217 | Bun | Bun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 175 brush | parataxis |
| 218 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 217 Bun | punct |
| 219 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 220 burn | punct |
| 220 | burn | burn | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 111 believe | parataxis |
| 221 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 222 Buss | punct |
| 222 | Buss | Buss | PROPN | Number=Sing | 220 burn | obj |
| 223 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 222 Buss | punct |
| 224 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 225 burst | punct |
| 225 | burst | burst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 222 Buss | appos |
| 226 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 228 break | punct |
| 227 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 228 break | cc |
| 228 | break | break | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 111 believe | conj |
| 229 | through | through | ADP | _ | 228 break | compound:prt |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | baptize | infinitive | Bactize | Bague | without Ben; bent Berry obl; Beber obj; Bes obj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | beg speech: request | to-infinitive | Bactize not said here | Barruh | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent barruh=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | bend | infinitive | Bactize not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | bend | participle | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | vex | past | Bex | Bidness | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bidness=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | begin | infinitive | Bactize not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | begin | past | Bactize not said here | Bimeby | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | is | past | by the habit; Blanks and ⎫ and Blants appos; presently property | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | accustom | participle | the habit not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | belong | present | ⎭ | Bleebe | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 11 | believe | infinitive | Bleege | Bodder parataxis | tree rules | ||||
| 12 | oblige | participle | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 13 | compel | participle | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 14 | bother | to-infinitive | Bode breath and boards and Boun and brother | Bres and Bresh parataxis | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bode=Experiencer | ||||
| 15 | resolve upon | participle | Bode breath and boards and Boun and brother not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 16 | force | participle | Bredder | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 17 | brush | infinitive | wood | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wood=Theme | |||||
| 18 | brush | to-infinitive | Bun parataxis | tree rules | |||||
| 19 | break up | past | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 20 | leave | to-infinitive | Buh and Buhhine | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 21 | depart | to-infinitive | Brukwus Bud bird | Budduh and ⎫ obl | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme brukwus=Initial_Location | ||||
| 22 | burn | infinitive | Buss | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent buss=Theme | |||||
| 23 | break through | infinitive | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Negro myths from the Georgia coast, told in the vernacular» by Charles C., Jr. Jones, Project Gutenberg book 76586 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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