Ojibwa myths and tales, Nanabush and the Ducks. (no. 8.), sentence 29
He started singing one of his songs which pleased all the ducks.
Who acts: Nanabush · What happens: start, sing · To what, where: one
This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Nanabush and the Ducks. (no. 8.). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nanabush), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 started | nsubj |
| 2 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 started | xcomp |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 singing | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 songs | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 songs | nmod:poss |
| 7 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 one | nmod |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 pleased | nsubj |
| 9 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 songs | acl:relcl |
| 10 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 ducks | det:predet |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 ducks | det |
| 12 | ducks | duck | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 singing | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 started | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past | Nanabush | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | gerund | Nanabush not said here | one of Nanabush's songs | all ducks obj | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent one=Beneficiary duck=Theme | |||
| 3 | sing | Nanabush | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/25/29/