Ojibwa myths and tales, Nanabush and the Ducks. (no. 8.), sentence 31
He told them that they had to pass through right in front of him.
Who acts: Nanabush, ducks · What happens: tell, have, pass through · To what, where: ducks, front · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Nanabush and the Ducks. (no. 8.). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nanabush, ducks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | iobj |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 had | mark |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 had | nsubj |
| 6 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | ccomp |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 pass | mark |
| 8 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 had | xcomp |
| 9 | through | through | ADV | _ | 8 pass | advmod |
| 10 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 pass | xcomp |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 front | case |
| 12 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 pass | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 front | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | Nanabush | ducks = duck | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | have | past | ducks = duck | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | pass through | to-infinitive | ducks = duck not said here | front of Nanabush | right, through property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in front=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/25/31/