Ojibwa myths and tales, Nanabush and the Ducks. (no. 8.), sentence 43
He went on to a rock which he slid down; on looking back he saw the blood-stains on the rock which he called “red granite” (i.e. which became the red granite of nowadays).
Who acts: Nanabush, rock · What happens: go on, slide down, look back, see, call, become · To what, where: blood stains, rock, red granite · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Nanabush and the Ducks. (no. 8.). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nanabush, rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 went | nsubj |
| 2 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADV | _ | 2 went | advmod |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 rock | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 rock | det |
| 6 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 went | obl |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 slid | nsubj |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 slid | nsubj |
| 9 | slid | slide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 rock | acl:relcl |
| 10 | down | down | ADP | _ | 9 slid | compound:prt |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 saw | punct |
| 12 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 13 looking | mark |
| 13 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 saw | advcl |
| 14 | back | back | ADV | _ | 13 looking | advmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 saw | nsubj |
| 16 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 went | parataxis |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 stains | det |
| 18 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 stains | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 blood | punct |
| 20 | stains | stain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 saw | obj |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 rock | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 rock | det |
| 23 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 saw | obl |
| 24 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 called | obj |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 called | nsubj |
| 26 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 rock | acl:relcl |
| 27 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 granite | punct |
| 28 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 granite | amod |
| 29 | granite | granite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 called | xcomp |
| 30 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 granite | punct |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 34 became | punct |
| 32 | i.e. | i.e. | ADV | _ | 34 became | advmod |
| 33 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 became | nsubj |
| 34 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 saw | conj |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 granite | det |
| 36 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 granite | amod |
| 37 | granite | granite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 became | xcomp |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 nowadays | case |
| 39 | nowadays | nowadays | ADV | _ | 37 granite | nmod |
| 40 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 34 became | punct |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go on | past | Nanabush | to a rock | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | slide down | past | a rock | Nanabush nsubj | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | look back | gerund | Nanabush not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | see | past | Nanabush | the blood stains | the rock | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer stain=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | call | past | Nanabush | the rock | red granite xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient | |||
| 6 | become | past | the red granite | which nsubj; i.e. property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/25/43/