Ojibwa myths and tales, The Creation of Man., sentence 18
In passing a pine stub that had been struck by lightning he saw “something” sticking in the tree where the lightning hit.
Who acts: lightning, story · What happens: pass, strike, see, stick · To what, where: pine stub, something, tree
This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, The Creation of Man.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lightning, story), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | SCONJ | _ | 2 passing | mark |
| 2 | passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 stub | det |
| 4 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stub | compound |
| 5 | stub | stub | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 passing | obj |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 struck | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 struck | aux |
| 8 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 struck | aux:pass |
| 9 | struck | strike | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 stub | acl:relcl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 lightning | case |
| 11 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 struck | obl |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 saw | nsubj |
| 13 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 lightning | acl:relcl |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 something | punct |
| 15 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 13 saw | obj |
| 16 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 something | punct |
| 17 | sticking | stick | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 something | acl |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 tree | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 tree | det |
| 20 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 sticking | obl |
| 21 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 24 hit | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 hit | det |
| 23 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 hit | compound |
| 24 | hit | hit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 tree | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 passing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | gerund | a pine stub | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stub=Trajectory | |||||
| 2 | strike | past · perfect · passive | lightning | a pine stub | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | see | past | story | something | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | stick | gerund | the tree the lightning hit | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in tree=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/30/18/