Ojibwa myths and tales, Ne-we-no-nah K’she Mŭh., sentence 28
As soon as the old man saw the two boys he made up his mind to take one of them and leave the other, so he told the little boy with the bow and arrow to shoot up in the air.
Who acts: old man, man · What happens: see, make up, take, leave, tell, shoot up · To what, where: two boys, mind, one, other, little boy, air · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Ne-we-no-nah K’she Mŭh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADV | _ | 2 soon | advmod |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 saw | advmod |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 7 saw | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 man | det |
| 5 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 man | amod |
| 6 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 saw | nsubj |
| 7 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 boys | det |
| 9 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 boys | nummod |
| 10 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 saw | obj |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 made | nsubj |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 boys | acl:relcl |
| 13 | up | up | ADP | _ | 12 made | compound:prt |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 mind | nmod:poss |
| 15 | mind | mind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 take | mark |
| 17 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 made | advcl |
| 18 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 take | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 them | case |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 one | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 leave | cc |
| 22 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 take | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 other | det |
| 24 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 leave | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 told | punct |
| 26 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 told | advmod |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 told | nsubj |
| 28 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 saw | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 boy | det |
| 30 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 boy | amod |
| 31 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 told | iobj |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 bow | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 bow | det |
| 34 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 told | obl |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 arrow | cc |
| 36 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 bow | conj |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 shoot | mark |
| 38 | shoot | shoot | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 told | advcl |
| 39 | up | up | ADP | _ | 38 shoot | compound:prt |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 air | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 air | det |
| 42 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 shoot | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the old man | the two boys | soon property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer boy=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | make up | past | man | man's mind | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot | ||||
| 3 | take | to-infinitive | man not said here | one of bow | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | ||||
| 4 | leave | infinitive | man not said here | the other | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Theme | ||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | past | man | the little boy | with the bow and arrow | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent boy=Recipient | |||
| 6 | shoot up | to-infinitive | man not said here | the air | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | mind | man | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ojibwa myths and tales» by Geo. E. Laidlaw, Project Gutenberg book 76755 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76755/7/28/