Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 232
For some time the two birds soared in the air, one unable to rise above the other.
What happens: soar, rise · To what, where: two birds, other
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 birds | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 birds | det |
| 5 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 birds | nummod |
| 6 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | soared | soar | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 birds | acl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 air | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 air | det |
| 10 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 soared | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 unable | punct |
| 12 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 unable | nummod |
| 13 | unable | unable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 birds | conj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 rise | mark |
| 15 | rise | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 unable | xcomp |
| 16 | above | above | ADP | _ | 18 other | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 other | det |
| 18 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 rise | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 birds | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | soar | participle | the two birds for some time not said here | in the air | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in air=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | rise | to-infinitive | the other | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above other=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/10/232/