Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 302
Dalu Rai went to the verandah and looking down saw his courtyard full of frightened people.
Who acts: Dalu, looking · What happens: go, look down, see · To what, where: verandah, courtyard · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dalu, looking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dalu | Dalu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 went | nsubj |
| 2 | Rai | Rai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Dalu | flat |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 verandah | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 verandah | det |
| 6 | verandah | verandah | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 saw | cc |
| 8 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 saw | csubj |
| 9 | down | down | ADV | _ | 8 looking | advmod |
| 10 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 courtyard | nmod:poss |
| 12 | courtyard | courtyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 saw | obj |
| 13 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 courtyard | amod |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 people | case |
| 15 | frightened | frightened | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 people | amod |
| 16 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 full | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Dalu | the verandah | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to verandah=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | look down | gerund | down property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | see | past | looking | Dalu's courtyard | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer courtyard=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/10/302/