Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh., sentence 74
He had a beautiful daughter, who, from the exquisite skill with which she darkened her eyes with Kanjal or lampblack, reddened her cheeks with rouge and coloured her finger nails with henna, was known as Nigar or the Painted lady.
Who acts: HAIDARABAD, daughter · What happens: have, darken, redden, colour, know · To what, where: beautiful daughter, eyes, cheeks, finger nails
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Makhdum Niamat Ullah and Makhdum Nuh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (HAIDARABAD, daughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 daughter | det |
| 4 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 daughter | amod |
| 5 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 skill | punct |
| 7 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 skill | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 skill | punct |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 skill | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 skill | det |
| 11 | exquisite | exquisite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 skill | amod |
| 12 | skill | skill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 daughter | conj |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 which | case |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 darkened | obl |
| 15 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 darkened | nsubj |
| 16 | darkened | darken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 skill | parataxis |
| 17 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 18 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 darkened | obj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 Kanjal | case |
| 20 | Kanjal | Kanjal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 eyes | nmod |
| 21 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 lampblack | cc |
| 22 | lampblack | lampblack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 Kanjal | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 reddened | punct |
| 24 | reddened | redden | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 darkened | conj |
| 25 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 cheeks | nmod:poss |
| 26 | cheeks | cheek | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 reddened | obj |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 rouge | case |
| 28 | rouge | rouge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 reddened | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 coloured | cc |
| 30 | coloured | colour | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 darkened | conj |
| 31 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 nails | nmod:poss |
| 32 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 nails | compound |
| 33 | nails | nail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 coloured | obj |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 henna | case |
| 35 | henna | henna | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 coloured | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 known | punct |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 known | aux:pass |
| 38 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 darkened | conj |
| 39 | as | as | ADP | _ | 40 Nigar | case |
| 40 | Nigar | Nigar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 known | obl |
| 41 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 44 lady | cc |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 lady | det |
| 43 | Painted | Painted | PROPN | _ | 44 lady | compound |
| 44 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 Nigar | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | HAIDARABAD | a beautiful daughter and the exquisite skill a beautiful daughter and the exquisite skill a beautiful daughter | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Patient | ||||
| 2 | darken | past | daughter | daughter's eyes | with the exquisite skill a beautiful daughter and the exquisite skill a beautiful daughter; with Kanjal or lampblack | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent eye=Patient with which=Instrument | |||
| 3 | redden | past | daughter not said here | daughter's cheeks | with rouge | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cheek=Patient with rouge=Instrument | |||
| 4 | colour | past | daughter not said here | daughter's finger nails | with henna | tree rules | |||
| 5 | know | past · passive | daughter not said here | as Nigar or the Painted lady | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: as nigar=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/10/74/