Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, The Makli Hill., sentence 81
Driven from his trenches he fell back on the great fort of Kalankot; but that Akbar should not use Tatta as his base, he destroyed it and left the emperor a smouldering ruin.
Who acts: Beg, Akbar · What happens: drive, fall back, not use, destroy, leave · To what, where: trenches, great fort, Tatta, base, emperor
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, The Makli Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beg, Akbar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 fell | advcl |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 trenches | case |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 trenches | nmod:poss |
| 4 | trenches | trench | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Driven | obl |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 fell | nsubj |
| 6 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | back | back | ADV | _ | 6 fell | advmod |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 fort | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 fort | det |
| 10 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 fort | amod |
| 11 | fort | fort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fell | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Kalankot | case |
| 13 | Kalankot | Kalankot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 fort | nmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 destroyed | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 destroyed | cc |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 use | mark |
| 17 | Akbar | Akbar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 use | nsubj |
| 18 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 use | aux |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 use | advmod |
| 20 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 destroyed | advcl |
| 21 | Tatta | Tatta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 use | obj |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 24 base | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 base | nmod:poss |
| 24 | base | base | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 use | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 use | punct |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 destroyed | nsubj |
| 27 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 fell | conj |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 destroyed | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 left | cc |
| 30 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 destroyed | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 emperor | det |
| 32 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 left | obj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 ruin | det |
| 34 | smouldering | smouldering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 ruin | compound |
| 35 | ruin | ruin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 left | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | participle | Beg not said here | Beg's trenches | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent from trench=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | fall back | past | Beg | the great fort of Kalankot | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on fort=Location | ||||
| 3 | not use | should | Akbar | Tatta | as Beg's base | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent tatta=Duration as base=Attribute | |||
| 4 | destroy | past | Beg | base | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 5 | leave | past | Beg not said here | the emperor | a smouldering ruin obj | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent emperor=Theme ruin=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/13/81/