Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat, Round About Nasik., sentence 112
When the wild Indian rains hide the hilltops and the plains— Teeming rain, steaming rain, blotting out the sky— When the breakers leap and fall at the bidding of the squall, Then I think me of England, of England in July.
Who acts: wild Indian rains, breakers, I · What happens: hide, teem, steam, blot out, leap, fall · To what, where: hilltops, rain, sky, bidding, squall
This is a sentence of «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Round About Nasik.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wild Indian rains, breakers, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 hide | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 rains | det |
| 3 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 rains | amod |
| 4 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 rains | amod |
| 5 | rains | rain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 hide | nsubj |
| 6 | hide | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 leap | advcl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 hilltops | det |
| 8 | hilltops | hilltop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 hide | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 plains | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 plains | det |
| 11 | plains | plain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 hilltops | conj |
| 12 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 Teeming | punct |
| 13 | Teeming | teem | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 hide | advcl |
| 14 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 Teeming | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 steaming | punct |
| 16 | steaming | steam | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 Teeming | conj |
| 17 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 steaming | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 blotting | punct |
| 19 | blotting | blot | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 Teeming | conj |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 19 blotting | compound:prt |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 sky | det |
| 22 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 blotting | obj |
| 23 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 hide | punct |
| 24 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 27 leap | mark |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 breakers | det |
| 26 | breakers | breaker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 leap | nsubj |
| 27 | leap | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 fall | cc |
| 29 | fall | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 leap | conj |
| 30 | at | at | ADP | _ | 32 bidding | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 bidding | det |
| 32 | bidding | bidding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 fall | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 squall | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 squall | det |
| 35 | squall | squall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 bidding | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 think | punct |
| 37 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 think | advmod |
| 38 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 think | nsubj |
| 39 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 leap | conj |
| 40 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 think | ccomp |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 England | case |
| 42 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 me | nmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 England | punct |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 England | case |
| 45 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 think | obl |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 July | case |
| 47 | July | July | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 England | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 leap | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hide | present | the wild Indian rains | the hilltops and the plains | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hilltop=Patient | ||||
| 2 | teem | gerund | the wild Indian rains not said here | rain | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rain=Theme | ||||
| 3 | steam | gerund | the wild Indian rains not said here | rain | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent rain=Patient | ||||
| 4 | blot out | gerund | the wild Indian rains not said here | the sky | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sky=Destination | ||||
| 5 | leap | present | the breakers | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | fall | present | the breakers not said here | the bidding of the squall | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at bidding=Location | ||||
| 7 | think speech: other | present | I | then | of England in July; me ccomp | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 8 | bid | the squall | nom bidding «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales of Sind and Guzarat» by C. A. Kincaid, Project Gutenberg book 76982 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg76982/20/112/