Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter IX., sentence 26
“You speak doubtingly,” said he, “of the words of this Christian cavalier, but their truth is easily to be ascertained.
Who acts: You, delight · What happens: speak, say, be, word · To what, where: truth, Christian cavalier · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter IX.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, delight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 speak | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 speak | nsubj |
| 3 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | ccomp |
| 4 | doubtingly | doubtingly | ADV | _ | 3 speak | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 speak | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 speak | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 words | punct |
| 10 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 words | punct |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 words | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 words | det |
| 13 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 said | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 cavalier | case |
| 15 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 cavalier | det |
| 16 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 cavalier | amod |
| 17 | cavalier | cavalier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 words | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 ascertained | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 ascertained | cc |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 truth | nmod:poss |
| 21 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ascertained | nsubj:outer |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 ascertained | cop |
| 23 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 26 ascertained | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 ascertained | mark |
| 25 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 ascertained | aux:pass |
| 26 | ascertained | ascertain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 said | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other in a quote | present | You | doubtingly property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | delight | of the words of this Christian cavalier | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present · passive | words's truth | ascertain, easily property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | word in a quote | this Christian cavalier | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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