Legends of the conquest of Spain, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., sentence 23
The Moslems were struck with terror when they beheld their fleet wrapped in flames and smoke, and sinking beneath the waves.
Who acts: Moslems · What happens: strike, behold, wrap, sink · To what, where: Moslems, fleet, flames
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moslems), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Moslems | det |
| 2 | Moslems | Moslem | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 struck | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 struck | aux:pass |
| 4 | struck | strike | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 terror | case |
| 6 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 struck | obl |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 beheld | advmod |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 beheld | nsubj |
| 9 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 struck | advcl |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 fleet | nmod:poss |
| 11 | fleet | fleet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 beheld | obj |
| 12 | wrapped | wrap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 fleet | acl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 flames | case |
| 14 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 wrapped | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 smoke | cc |
| 16 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 flames | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 sinking | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 sinking | cc |
| 19 | sinking | sink | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 beheld | advcl |
| 20 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 22 waves | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 waves | det |
| 22 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 sinking | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 struck | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strike | past · passive | the Moslems | with terror | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with terror=Instrument | ||||
| 2 | behold | past | Moslems = moslem | Moslems's fleet | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fleet=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | wrap | participle | Moslems's fleet not said here | flames and smoke | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in flame=Destination | ||||
| 4 | sink | gerund | Moslems = moslem not said here | beneath the waves | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/11/23/