Legends of the conquest of Spain, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto., sentence 41
As Taric advanced against this promontory, he was opposed by a hasty levy of the Christians, who had assembled under the banner of a Gothic noble of great power and importance, whose domains lay along the mountainous coast of the Mediterranean.
Who acts: Taric, hasty levy, domains · What happens: advance, oppose, assemble, lay, levy · To what, where: Taric, banner, mountainous coast, Christians
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Letter of Muza to the Caliph.—second Expedition of Taric El Tuerto.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Taric, hasty levy, domains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 advanced | mark |
| 2 | Taric | Taric | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 advanced | nsubj |
| 3 | advanced | advance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 opposed | advcl |
| 4 | against | against | ADP | _ | 6 promontory | case |
| 5 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 promontory | det |
| 6 | promontory | promontory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 advanced | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 advanced | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 opposed | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 opposed | aux:pass |
| 10 | opposed | oppose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 levy | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 levy | det |
| 13 | hasty | hasty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 levy | amod |
| 14 | levy | levy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 opposed | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Christians | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Christians | det |
| 17 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 14 levy | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 assembled | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 assembled | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 assembled | aux |
| 21 | assembled | assemble | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 levy | acl |
| 22 | under | under | ADP | _ | 24 banner | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 banner | det |
| 24 | banner | banner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 assembled | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 noble | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 noble | det |
| 27 | Gothic | gothic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 noble | amod |
| 28 | noble | noble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 banner | nmod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 power | case |
| 30 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 power | amod |
| 31 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 noble | nmod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 importance | cc |
| 33 | importance | importance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 power | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 lay | punct |
| 35 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 36 domains | nmod:poss |
| 36 | domains | domain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 lay | nsubj |
| 37 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 importance | acl:relcl |
| 38 | along | along | ADP | _ | 41 coast | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 coast | det |
| 40 | mountainous | mountainous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 coast | amod |
| 41 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 lay | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 Mediterranean | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 Mediterranean | det |
| 44 | Mediterranean | Mediterranean | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 coast | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 opposed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | advance | past | Taric | against this promontory | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | oppose | past · passive | a hasty levy of the Christians | Taric | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | assemble | past · perfect | a hasty levy of the Christians | the banner of a Gothic noble of great power and importance | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | lay | present | domains | the mountainous coast of the Mediterranean | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent along coast=Destination | ||||
| 5 | levy | the Christians | nom levy «possession transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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