Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XI., sentence 8
In the meantime, Taric el Tuerto had received large re-enforcements from Africa, and the adherents of Count Julian, and all those discontented with the sway of Don Roderick, had flocked to his standard; for many were deceived by the representations of Count Julian, and thought that the Arabs had come to aid him in placing the sons of Witiza upon the throne.
Who acts: representations, Arabs · What happens: receive, discontent, flock, deceive, think, come · To what, where: Taric, meantime, those, many, sons, throne · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (representations, Arabs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 meantime | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 meantime | det |
| 3 | meantime | meantime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 received | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 meantime | punct |
| 5 | Taric | Taric | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 received | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | el | El | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Taric | flat |
| 7 | Tuerto | Tuerto | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Taric | flat |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 received | aux |
| 9 | received | receive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 re-enforcements | amod |
| 11 | re-enforcements | re-enforcement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 received | obj |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 Africa | case |
| 13 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 re-enforcements | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 adherents | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 adherents | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 adherents | det |
| 17 | adherents | adherent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 received | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Julian | case |
| 19 | Count | Count | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Julian | compound |
| 20 | Julian | Julian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 adherents | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 flocked | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 flocked | cc |
| 23 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 those | det:predet |
| 24 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 34 flocked | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | discontented | discontent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 those | acl |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 sway | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 sway | det |
| 28 | sway | sway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 discontented | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 Don | case |
| 30 | Don | Don | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 sway | nmod |
| 31 | Roderick | Roderick | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Don | flat |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 those | punct |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 flocked | aux |
| 34 | flocked | flock | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 received | conj |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 standard | case |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 standard | nmod:poss |
| 37 | standard | standard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 flocked | obl |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 deceived | punct |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 40 many | case |
| 40 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 deceived | nsubj:pass |
| 41 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 deceived | aux:pass |
| 42 | deceived | deceive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 flocked | conj |
| 43 | by | by | ADP | _ | 45 representations | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 representations | det |
| 45 | representations | representation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 deceived | obl |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 Julian | case |
| 47 | Count | Count | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 Julian | compound |
| 48 | Julian | Julian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 representations | nmod |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 thought | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 thought | cc |
| 51 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 received | parataxis |
| 52 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 56 come | mark |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 Arabs | det |
| 54 | Arabs | Arab | PROPN | Number=Plur | 56 come | nsubj |
| 55 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 56 come | aux |
| 56 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 51 thought | ccomp |
| 57 | to | to | PART | _ | 58 aid | mark |
| 58 | aid | aid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 56 come | xcomp |
| 59 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 aid | obj |
| 60 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 61 placing | mark |
| 61 | placing | place | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 58 aid | advcl |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 63 sons | det |
| 63 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 61 placing | obj |
| 64 | of | of | ADP | _ | 65 Witiza | case |
| 65 | Witiza | Witiza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 63 sons | nmod |
| 66 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 68 throne | case |
| 67 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 throne | det |
| 68 | throne | throne | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 placing | obl |
| 69 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 received | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | receive | past · perfect · passive | Taric | the meantime | the adherents of Count Julian obl; large re-enforcements obj | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme re-enforcement=Location | |||
| 2 | discontent | participle | with the sway of Don | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | flock | past · perfect · passive | those | to DON's standard | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | deceive | past · passive | the representations of Count Julian | many | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | think speech: other | past | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | come | past · perfect | the Arabs | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | aid | to-infinitive | the Arabs not said here | TARIC | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary | ||||
| 8 | place | gerund | the Arabs not said here | the sons of Witiza | the throne | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent son=Theme upon throne=Destination | |||
| 9 | represent | Count Julian | nom representation «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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