Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 3
“Never should we sheath our swords,” said he, “while these infidels have a footing in the land.
Who acts: we, sheath, infidels · What happens: not sheath, say, have · To what, where: swords, footing, land · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, sheath, infidels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
| 2 | Never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 sheath | advmod |
| 3 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 sheath | aux |
| 4 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 sheath | nsubj |
| 5 | sheath | sheath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 said | nsubj |
| 6 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 swords | nmod:poss |
| 7 | swords | sword | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 sheath | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 sheath | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 sheath | punct |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 “ | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
| 14 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 17 have | mark |
| 15 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 16 infidels | det |
| 16 | infidels | infidel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 have | nsubj |
| 17 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 “ | advcl |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 footing | det |
| 19 | footing | footing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 have | obj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 land | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 land | det |
| 22 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 have | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not sheath in a quote | should | we | our swords | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | sheath | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | this infidels | a footing | the land | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent footing=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/13/3/