Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 40
So saying, he seized a lance from one of his pages, and charged furiously upon the apostate; but Tenderos met him in mid career, and the lance of the prince was shivered upon his shield.
Who acts: Traitor, Tenderos · What happens: say, seize, charge, meet, shiver, page · To what, where: lance, apostate, Traitor, mid career · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Traitor, Tenderos), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 5 seized | advmod |
| 2 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 seized | advcl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 saying | punct |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 seized | nsubj |
| 5 | seized | seize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lance | det |
| 7 | lance | lance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 seized | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 one | case |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 seized | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 pages | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 pages | nmod:poss |
| 12 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 one | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 charged | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 charged | cc |
| 15 | charged | charge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 seized | conj |
| 16 | furiously | furiously | ADV | _ | 15 charged | advmod |
| 17 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 19 apostate | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 apostate | det |
| 19 | apostate | apostate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 charged | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 met | punct |
| 21 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 met | cc |
| 22 | Tenderos | Tenderos | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 met | nsubj |
| 23 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 seized | parataxis |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 met | obj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 career | case |
| 26 | mid | mid | X | _ | 27 career | compound |
| 27 | career | career | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 met | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 shivered | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 shivered | cc |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 lance | det |
| 31 | lance | lance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 shivered | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 prince | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 prince | det |
| 34 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 lance | nmod |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 shivered | aux:pass |
| 36 | shivered | shiver | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 met | conj |
| 37 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 39 shield | case |
| 38 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 shield | nmod:poss |
| 39 | shield | shield | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 shivered | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 seized | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | Traitor not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | seize | past | Traitor | a lance | from one of Traitor's pages | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent lance=Theme from one=Source | |||
| 3 | charge | past | Traitor not said here | the apostate | furiously property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon apostate=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | meet | past | Tenderos | Traitor | mid career | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Co-Agent | |||
| 5 | shiver | past · passive | the lance of the prince | upon Traitor's shield | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | page | Traitor | nom page «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/13/40/