Legends of the conquest of Spain, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho., sentence 43
He wounded Ataulpho slightly between the greaves of his armour, but the prince dealt a blow with his mace that crushed through helm and skull, and reached the brains; and Tenderos fell dead to the earth, his armour rattling as he fell.
Who acts: curse, prince, mace, Tenderos · What happens: wound, deal, crush, reach, fall, rattle · To what, where: Ataulpho, blow, helm, brains
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Battle of Calpe.—fate of Ataulpho.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (curse, prince, mace, Tenderos), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 wounded | nsubj |
| 2 | wounded | wound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Ataulpho | Ataulpho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 wounded | obj |
| 4 | slightly | slightly | ADV | _ | 2 wounded | advmod |
| 5 | between | between | ADP | _ | 7 greaves | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 greaves | det |
| 7 | greaves | greave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 wounded | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 armour | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 armour | nmod:poss |
| 10 | armour | armour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 greaves | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 dealt | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 dealt | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 prince | det |
| 14 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dealt | nsubj |
| 15 | dealt | deal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 wounded | parataxis |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 blow | det |
| 17 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dealt | obj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 mace | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 mace | nmod:poss |
| 20 | mace | mace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 blow | nmod |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 crushed | nsubj |
| 22 | crushed | crush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 mace | acl:relcl |
| 23 | through | through | ADP | _ | 24 helm | case |
| 24 | helm | helm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 crushed | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 skull | cc |
| 26 | skull | skull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 helm | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 reached | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 reached | cc |
| 29 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 dealt | conj |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 brains | det |
| 31 | brains | brain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 reached | obj |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 fell | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 fell | cc |
| 34 | Tenderos | Tenderos | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 fell | nsubj |
| 35 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 wounded | conj |
| 36 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 fell | xcomp |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 earth | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 earth | det |
| 39 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fell | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 rattling | punct |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 rattling | nmod:poss |
| 42 | armour | armour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 rattling | compound |
| 43 | rattling | rattling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 earth | conj |
| 44 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 46 fell | mark |
| 45 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 fell | nsubj |
| 46 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 fell | advcl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 wounded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wound | past | curse | Ataulpho | between the greaves of curse's armour; slightly property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ataulpho=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | deal | past | the prince | a blow | with curse's mace | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blow=Theme | |||
| 3 | crush | past | curse's mace | helm and skull | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | reach | past | the prince not said here | the brains | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent brain=Theme | ||||
| 5 | fall | past | Tenderos | to the earth and curse's armour rattling; dead property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to earth=Theme | ||||
| 6 | fall | past | Tenderos | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | rattle | curse | nom rattling «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/13/43/