Legends of the conquest of Spain, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms., sentence 19
He issued orders that every noble and prelate of his kingdom should put himself at the head of his retainers, and take the field; and that every man capable of bearing arms should hasten to his standard, bringing whatever horse, and mule, and weapon he possessed: and he appointed the plain of Cordova for the place where the army was to assemble.
Who acts: Roderick, noble, man, weapon, army · What happens: issue, put, take, hasten, bring, possess · To what, where: orders, head, field, standard, horse, plain
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Terror of the Country.—roderick Rouses Himself to Arms.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roderick, noble, man, weapon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 issued | nsubj |
| 2 | issued | issue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | orders | order | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 issued | obj |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 put | obj |
| 5 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 noble | det |
| 6 | noble | noble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 put | nsubj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 prelate | cc |
| 8 | prelate | prelate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 noble | conj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 kingdom | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 kingdom | nmod:poss |
| 11 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 noble | nmod |
| 12 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 put | aux |
| 13 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 orders | acl:relcl |
| 14 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 13 put | obj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 head | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 head | det |
| 17 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 put | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 retainers | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 retainers | nmod:poss |
| 20 | retainers | retainer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 head | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 take | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 take | cc |
| 23 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 put | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 field | det |
| 25 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 take | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 hasten | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 hasten | cc |
| 28 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 man | det |
| 29 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 man | det |
| 30 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 hasten | nsubj |
| 31 | capable | capable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 man | amod |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 arms | case |
| 33 | bearing | bearing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 arms | compound |
| 34 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 capable | obl |
| 35 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 hasten | aux |
| 36 | hasten | hasten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 issued | conj |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 standard | case |
| 38 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 standard | nmod:poss |
| 39 | standard | standard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 hasten | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 bringing | punct |
| 41 | bringing | bring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 36 hasten | advcl |
| 42 | whatever | whatever | ADV | _ | 43 horse | advmod |
| 43 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 bringing | obj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 mule | punct |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 mule | cc |
| 46 | mule | mule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 issued | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 possessed | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 possessed | cc |
| 49 | weapon | weapon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 possessed | nsubj |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 possessed | nsubj |
| 51 | possessed | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 issued | parataxis |
| 52 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 51 possessed | punct |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 appointed | cc |
| 54 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 55 appointed | nsubj |
| 55 | appointed | appoint | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 51 possessed | conj |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 plain | det |
| 57 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 appointed | obj |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 59 Cordova | case |
| 59 | Cordova | Cordova | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 plain | nmod |
| 60 | for | for | ADP | _ | 62 place | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 62 place | det |
| 62 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 appointed | obl |
| 63 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 68 assemble | advmod |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 army | det |
| 65 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 assemble | nsubj |
| 66 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 assemble | cop |
| 67 | to | to | PART | _ | 68 assemble | mark |
| 68 | assemble | assemble | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 62 place | acl:relcl |
| 69 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 issued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | issue | past | Roderick | orders | mule obl | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location order=Theme | |||
| 2 | put | should | every noble of Roderick's kingdom and prelate | orders | the head of Roderick's retainers | Roderick obj | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent that=Asset himself=Goal | ||
| 3 | take | infinitive | every noble of Roderick's kingdom and prelate not said here | the field | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent field=Theme | ||||
| 4 | hasten | should | that man | Roderick's standard | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to standard=Destination | ||||
| 5 | bring | gerund | that man not said here | horse | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument horse=Destination | ||||
| 6 | possess | past | weapon | Roderick nsubj | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 7 | appoint | past | Roderick | the plain of Cordova | for the place | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plain=Theme | |||
| 8 | is | past | the army | assemble property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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