Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIV., sentence 30
He had distinguished himself in the African wars, fighting side by side with Count Julian, but the latter had never dared to tamper with his faith, for he knew his stern integrity.
Who acts: PELISTES · What happens: distinguish, fight, not dare, know · To what, where: PELISTES, African wars, side, latter, stern integrity
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIV.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (PELISTES), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 distinguished | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 distinguished | aux |
| 3 | distinguished | distinguish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 distinguished | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 wars | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 wars | det |
| 7 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 wars | amod |
| 8 | wars | war | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 distinguished | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 fighting | punct |
| 10 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 distinguished | advcl |
| 11 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fighting | obj |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 side | case |
| 13 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fighting | obl |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 Julian | case |
| 15 | Count | Count | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Julian | compound |
| 16 | Julian | Julian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 fighting | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 dared | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 dared | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 latter | det |
| 20 | latter | latter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 dared | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 dared | aux |
| 22 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 23 dared | advmod |
| 23 | dared | dare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 distinguished | parataxis |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 tamper | mark |
| 25 | tamper | tamper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 dared | xcomp |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 faith | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 faith | nmod:poss |
| 28 | faith | faith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tamper | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 knew | punct |
| 30 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 32 knew | mark |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 knew | nsubj |
| 32 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 dared | conj |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 integrity | nmod:poss |
| 34 | stern | stern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 integrity | amod |
| 35 | integrity | integrity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 knew | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 distinguished | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | distinguish | past · perfect | PELISTES | PELISTES | the African wars | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Attribute himself=Theme | |||
| 2 | fight | gerund | PELISTES not said here | side | by side; with Count Julian | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Co-Agent | |||
| 3 | not dare | past · perfect · passive | the latter | tamper with PELISTES's faith xcomp | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | know | past | PELISTES | PELISTES's stern integrity | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer integrity=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/15/30/