Legends of the conquest of Spain, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop., sentence 17
Their leader himself was bold and hardy, and prone to expose himself to danger; but years and experience had moderated his early fire; his son, however, was eager to distinguish himself in this, his first essay, and rushed with impetuous ardour into the hottest of the battle.
Who acts: leader, years, Pelistes · What happens: be, expose, moderate, distinguish, rush, fire · To what, where: Pelistes, danger, early fire, this, first essay, hottest
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leader, years, Pelistes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 leader | nmod:poss |
| 2 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bold | nsubj |
| 3 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 2 leader | appos |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 bold | cop |
| 5 | bold | bold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 hardy | cc |
| 7 | hardy | hardy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 bold | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 prone | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 prone | cc |
| 10 | prone | prone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bold | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 expose | mark |
| 12 | expose | expose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 prone | acl |
| 13 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 12 expose | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 danger | case |
| 15 | danger | danger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 expose | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 moderated | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 moderated | cc |
| 18 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 moderated | nsubj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 experience | cc |
| 20 | experience | experience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 years | conj |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 moderated | aux |
| 22 | moderated | moderate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 bold | conj |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 fire | nmod:poss |
| 24 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 fire | amod |
| 25 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 moderated | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 son | punct |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 son | nmod:poss |
| 28 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bold | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 eager | punct |
| 30 | however | however | ADV | _ | 33 eager | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 however | punct |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 eager | cop |
| 33 | eager | eager | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 bold | conj |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 distinguish | mark |
| 35 | distinguish | distinguish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 eager | xcomp |
| 36 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 35 distinguish | obj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 this | case |
| 38 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 35 distinguish | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 essay | punct |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 essay | nmod:poss |
| 41 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 42 essay | amod |
| 42 | essay | essay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 distinguish | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 rushed | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 rushed | cc |
| 45 | rushed | rush | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 essay | acl |
| 46 | with | with | ADP | _ | 48 ardour | case |
| 47 | impetuous | impetuous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 ardour | amod |
| 48 | ardour | ardour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 rushed | obl |
| 49 | into | into | ADP | _ | 51 hottest | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 hottest | det |
| 51 | hottest | hot | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 45 rushed | obl |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 battle | case |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 battle | det |
| 54 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 hottest | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 bold | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | warriors's leader | prone conj; Pelistes's son conj; bold property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | warriors's leader not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | expose | to-infinitive | warriors's leader not said here | Pelistes | danger | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent himself=Theme to danger=Recipient | |||
| 4 | moderate | past · perfect | years and experience | Pelistes's early fire | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | past | warriors's leader not said here | eager, however property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | distinguish | to-infinitive | warriors's leader not said here | Pelistes | this | Pelistes's first essay obl | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Attribute himself=Theme | ||
| 7 | rush | participle | Pelistes's first essay not said here | into the hottest of the battle result; with impetuous ardour | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into hot=Result | ||||
| 8 | fire | Pelistes | nom fire «event transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 9 | essay | Pelistes | nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/16/17/