Legends of the conquest of Spain, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop., sentence 23
His valiant son was borne on the shields of his vassals; when they laid him on the earth near to where the king was standing, they found that the heroic youth had expired of his wounds.
Who acts: vassals, king, heroic youth, Pelistes · What happens: bear, lay, stand, find, expire, wound · To what, where: valiant son, shields, Pelistes, earth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Skirmishing of the Armies.—pelistes and His Son.—pelistes and the Bishop.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (vassals, king, heroic youth, Pelistes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 son | nmod:poss |
| 2 | valiant | valiant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 son | amod |
| 3 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 borne | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 borne | aux:pass |
| 5 | borne | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 shields | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 shields | det |
| 8 | shields | shield | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 borne | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 vassals | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 vassals | nmod:poss |
| 11 | vassals | vassal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 shields | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 laid | punct |
| 13 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 laid | advmod |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 laid | nsubj |
| 15 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 borne | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 laid | obj |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 earth | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 earth | det |
| 19 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 laid | obl |
| 20 | near | near | ADV | _ | 26 standing | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 26 standing | mark |
| 22 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 26 standing | advmod |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 king | det |
| 24 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 standing | nsubj |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 standing | aux |
| 26 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 laid | advcl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 found | punct |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 found | nsubj |
| 29 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 borne | parataxis |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 expired | mark |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 youth | det |
| 32 | heroic | heroic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 youth | amod |
| 33 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 expired | nsubj |
| 34 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 expired | aux |
| 35 | expired | expire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 found | ccomp |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 wounds | case |
| 37 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 wounds | nmod:poss |
| 38 | wounds | wound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 expired | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 borne | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bear | past · passive | Pelistes's valiant son | the shields of Pelistes's vassals | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | lay | past | vassals = vassal | Pelistes | the earth | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme on earth=Destination | |||
| 3 | stand | past · progressive | the king | near property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | find | past | vassals = vassal | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | expire | past · perfect | the heroic youth | of Pelistes's wounds | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient of wound=Causer | ||||
| 6 | wound | Pelistes | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/16/23/