Legends of the conquest of Spain, Last Day of the Battle., sentence 35
A battalion of light Arabian horsemen, led by a Greek renegado named Magued el Rumi, careered in front of the Christian line, launching their darts, and then wheeling off beyond the reach of the missiles hurled after them.
What happens: lead, name, career, launch, wheel off, hurl · To what, where: Arabian horsemen, Greek renegado, front, darts, missiles
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Last Day of the Battle.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 battalion | det |
| 2 | battalion | battalion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 horsemen | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 light | case |
| 4 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 battalion | nmod |
| 5 | Arabian | Arabian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 horsemen | amod |
| 6 | horsemen | horseman | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 led | punct |
| 8 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 horsemen | acl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 renegado | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 renegado | det |
| 11 | Greek | Greek | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 renegado | amod |
| 12 | renegado | renegado | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 led | obl |
| 13 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 renegado | acl |
| 14 | Magued | Magued | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 el | compound |
| 15 | el | El | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 named | xcomp |
| 16 | Rumi | Rumi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 el | flat |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 careered | punct |
| 18 | careered | career | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 horsemen | acl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 front | case |
| 20 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 careered | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 line | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 line | det |
| 23 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 line | amod |
| 24 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 front | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 launching | punct |
| 26 | launching | launch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 careered | advcl |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 darts | nmod:poss |
| 28 | darts | dart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 launching | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 wheeling | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 wheeling | cc |
| 31 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 32 wheeling | advmod |
| 32 | wheeling | wheel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 launching | conj |
| 33 | off | off | ADP | _ | 32 wheeling | compound:prt |
| 34 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 36 reach | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 reach | det |
| 36 | reach | reach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 wheeling | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 missiles | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 missiles | det |
| 39 | missiles | missile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 reach | nmod |
| 40 | hurled | hurl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 missiles | acl |
| 41 | after | after | ADP | _ | 42 them | case |
| 42 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 hurled | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 horsemen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | participle | Arabian horsemen a battalion of light not said here | by a Greek renegado | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by renegado=Destination | ||||
| 2 | name | participle | a Greek renegado not said here | Magued el xcomp | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | career | participle | Arabian horsemen a battalion of light not said here | front of the Christian line | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | launch | gerund | horsemen's darts | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dart=Theme | |||||
| 5 | wheel off | gerund | then | beyond the reach of the missiles | vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | hurl | participle | the missiles not said here | after missiles = missile | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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