Legends of the conquest of Spain, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked., sentence 1
Spain, or Iberia, as it was called in ancient days, has been a country harassed from the earliest times by the invader.
Who acts: Iberia, Spain · What happens: call, be, harass · To what, where: it, country · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iberia, Spain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spain | Spain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 country | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Iberia | punct |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 Iberia | cc |
| 4 | Iberia | Iberia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Spain | conj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 called | punct |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 9 called | mark |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 called | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 called | aux:pass |
| 9 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 Iberia | acl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 days | case |
| 11 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 days | amod |
| 12 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 called | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Spain | punct |
| 14 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 country | aux |
| 15 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 country | cop |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 country | det |
| 17 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 18 | harassed | harass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 country | acl |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 times | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 times | det |
| 21 | earliest | early | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 22 times | amod |
| 22 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 harassed | obl |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 invader | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 invader | det |
| 25 | invader | invader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 harassed | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 country | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past · passive | Iberia not said here | it | day | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||
| 2 | is a | present · perfect | Spain or Iberia | a country | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | harass | participle | a country not said here | time | by the invader | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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