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Legends of the conquest of Spain, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked., sentence 33

The sovereign pontiff Constantine threatened to depose and excommunicate him, unless he abrogated this licentious law; but Witiza set him at defiance, threatening, like his Gothic predecessor Alaric, to assail the eternal city with his troops, and make spoil of her accumulated treasures.

Who acts: sovereign pontiff, pontiff, Witiza, Alaric · What happens: threaten, depose, excommunicate, abrogate, set, assail · To what, where: Constantine, licentious law, defiance, Gothic predecessor, eternal city, spoil

This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Ancient Inhabitants of Spain.—of the Misrule of Witiza the Wicked.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sovereign pontiff, pontiff, Witiza, Alaric), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

detcompoundnsubjnsubjmarkxcompccconjobjpunctmarknsubjconjdetamodobjpunctccnsubjconjobjcaseoblpunctadvclpunctcasenmod:possamodobjappospunctmarkparataxisdetamodobjcasenmod:possnmodpunctccconjobjcasenmod:possamodnmodpunctrootTheDETsovereignNOUNpontiffNOUNConstantinePROPNthreatenedVERBtoPARTdeposeVERBandCCONJexcommunicateVERBhimPRON,PUNCTunlessSCONJhePRONabrogatedVERBthisDETlicentiousADJlawNOUN;PUNCTbutCCONJWitizaPROPNsetVERBhimPRONatADPdefianceNOUN,PUNCTthreateningVERB,PUNCTlikeADPhisPRONGothicADJpredecessorNOUNAlaricPROPN,PUNCTtoPARTassailVERBtheDETeternalADJcityNOUNwithADPhisPRONtroopsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJmakeVERBspoilNOUNofADPherPRONaccumulatedVERBtreasuresNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 pontiffdet
2sovereignsovereignNOUNNumber=Sing3 pontiffcompound
3pontiffpontiffNOUNNumber=Sing5 threatenednsubj
4ConstantineConstantinePROPNNumber=Sing5 threatenednsubj
5threatenedthreatenVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
6totoPART_7 deposemark
7deposedeposeVERBVerbForm=Inf5 threatenedxcomp
8andandCCONJ_9 excommunicatecc
9excommunicateexcommunicateVERBVerbForm=Inf7 deposeconj
10himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs9 excommunicateobj
11,,PUNCT_14 abrogatedpunct
12unlessunlessSCONJ_14 abrogatedmark
13hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs14 abrogatednsubj
14abrogatedabrogateVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin9 excommunicateconj
15thisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem17 lawdet
16licentiouslicentiousADJDegree=Pos17 lawamod
17lawlawNOUNNumber=Sing14 abrogatedobj
18;;PUNCT_21 setpunct
19butbutCCONJ_21 setcc
20WitizaWitizaPROPNNumber=Sing21 setnsubj
21setsetVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin5 threatenedconj
22himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs21 setobj
23atatADP_24 defiancecase
24defiancedefianceNOUNNumber=Sing21 setobl
25,,PUNCT_26 threateningpunct
26threateningthreatenVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part21 setadvcl
27,,PUNCT_31 predecessorpunct
28likelikeADP_31 predecessorcase
29hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs31 predecessornmod:poss
30GothicgothicADJDegree=Pos31 predecessoramod
31predecessorpredecessorNOUNNumber=Sing26 threateningobj
32AlaricAlaricPROPNNumber=Sing31 predecessorappos
33,,PUNCT_35 assailpunct
34totoPART_35 assailmark
35assailassailVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Fin26 threateningparataxis
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 citydet
37eternaleternalADJDegree=Pos38 cityamod
38citycityNOUNNumber=Sing35 assailobj
39withwithADP_41 troopscase
40hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs41 troopsnmod:poss
41troopstroopsNOUNNumber=Ptan38 citynmod
42,,PUNCT_44 makepunct
43andandCCONJ_44 makecc
44makemakeVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Fin35 assailconj
45spoilspoilNOUNNumber=Sing44 makeobj
46ofofADP_49 treasurescase
47herherPRONCase=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs49 treasuresnmod:poss
48accumulatedaccumulateVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass49 treasuresamod
49treasurestreasureNOUNNumber=Plur45 spoilnmod
50..PUNCT_5 threatenedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1threatenpastthe sovereign pontiffConstantine nsubjtree rules
2depose not said to happento-infinitivethe sovereign pontiff not said herevn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3excommunicateinfinitivethe sovereign pontiff not said hereConstantinevn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
4abrogate a condition, not said to happenpastpontiffthis licentious lawtree rules
5setpastWitizaConstantinedefiancevn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme at defiance=Destination
6threatengerundWitiza not said hereWitiza's Gothic predecessorvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus predecessor=Experiencer
7assailto-infinitivethe eternal citywith Witiza's troopsvn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Patient
8makeinfinitivespoil of Alaric's accumulated treasuresvn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset spoil=Product
9accumulateparticiplevn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
10spoilAlaric's accumulated treasuresnom spoil «possession transitive»: of=patient
11treasureAlaricnom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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