Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Cave of Hercules., sentence 45
Others think that it was a temple dedicated to Hercules; as was the case, according to Pomponius Mela, with the great cave in the rock of Gibraltar; certain it is, that it has always borne the name of “The Cave of Hercules.”
Who acts: Others, other · What happens: think, be, dedicate, accord, bear, name · To what, where: temple, Hercules, other, Cave · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Cave of Hercules.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Others, other), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 think | nsubj |
| 2 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 temple | mark |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 temple | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 temple | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 temple | det |
| 7 | temple | temple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 think | ccomp |
| 8 | dedicated | dedicate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 temple | acl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 Hercules | case |
| 10 | Hercules | Hercules | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 dedicated | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 case | punct |
| 12 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 case | case |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 case | cop |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 case | det |
| 15 | case | case | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 think | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Pomponius | punct |
| 17 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 Pomponius | case |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 according | fixed |
| 19 | Pomponius | Pomponius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 case | appos |
| 20 | Mela | Mela | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Pomponius | flat |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 cave | punct |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 cave | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 cave | det |
| 24 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 cave | amod |
| 25 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 think | obl |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 rock | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 rock | det |
| 28 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 cave | nmod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 Gibraltar | case |
| 30 | Gibraltar | Gibraltar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 rock | nmod |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 certain | punct |
| 32 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 think | conj |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 certain | nsubj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 certain | cop |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 borne | punct |
| 36 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 40 borne | mark |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 borne | nsubj:pass |
| 38 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 borne | aux |
| 39 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 40 borne | advmod |
| 40 | borne | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 think | ccomp |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 name | det |
| 42 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 borne | obj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 Cave | case |
| 44 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 Cave | punct |
| 45 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Cave | det |
| 46 | Cave | Cave | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 name | nmod |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 Hercules | case |
| 48 | Hercules | Hercules | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Cave | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 40 borne | punct |
| 50 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 borne | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present | Others | with the great cave in the rock of Gibraltar | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | other | a temple | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | dedicate | participle | a temple not said here | Hercules | vn dedicate-79 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent to hercules=Goal | ||||
| 4 | is | past | as the case; Pomponius appos | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | is | present | other | certain property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | bear | present · perfect · passive | other | the name of the Cave of Hercules obj; always property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary name=Patient | ||||
| 8 | name | the Cave of Hercules | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/21/45/