Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter I., sentence 31
He suppressed his wrath, however, and turning with a bitter expression of forced composure to his captains, “Unsaddle your steeds,” said he, “and plant your lances in the earth; set up your tents and take your repose: for we must await the coming of the Wali with a mighty force to assist us in our conquest.”
Who acts: letter, we, your · What happens: suppress, turn, force, unsaddle, say, plant · To what, where: wrath, captains, steeds, lances, earth, tents · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter I.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (letter, we, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 suppressed | nsubj |
| 2 | suppressed | suppress | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 said | ccomp |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 wrath | nmod:poss |
| 4 | wrath | wrath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 suppressed | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 however | punct |
| 6 | however | however | ADV | _ | 2 suppressed | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 turning | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 turning | cc |
| 9 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 suppressed | advcl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 expression | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 expression | det |
| 12 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 expression | amod |
| 13 | expression | expression | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 turning | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 composure | case |
| 15 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 composure | amod |
| 16 | composure | composure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 expression | nmod |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 captains | case |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 captains | nmod:poss |
| 19 | captains | captain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 turning | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Unsaddle | punct |
| 21 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 Unsaddle | punct |
| 22 | Unsaddle | unsaddle | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 suppressed | parataxis |
| 23 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 steeds | nmod:poss |
| 24 | steeds | steed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 Unsaddle | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Unsaddle | punct |
| 26 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 Unsaddle | punct |
| 27 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 plant | nsubj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 plant | punct |
| 30 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 plant | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 plant | cc |
| 32 | plant | plant | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 said | ccomp |
| 33 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 lances | nmod:poss |
| 34 | lances | lance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 plant | obj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 earth | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 earth | det |
| 37 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 plant | obl |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 set | punct |
| 39 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 said | ccomp |
| 40 | up | up | ADP | _ | 39 set | compound:prt |
| 41 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 tents | nmod:poss |
| 42 | tents | tent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 set | obj |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 take | cc |
| 44 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 set | conj |
| 45 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 repose | nmod:poss |
| 46 | repose | repose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 take | obj |
| 47 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 51 await | punct |
| 48 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 51 await | mark |
| 49 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 51 await | nsubj |
| 50 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 51 await | aux |
| 51 | await | await | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 said | ccomp |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 force | det |
| 53 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 60 force | csubj |
| 54 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 Wali | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 Wali | det |
| 56 | Wali | Wali | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 coming | obl |
| 57 | with | with | ADP | _ | 60 force | case |
| 58 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 60 force | det |
| 59 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 force | amod |
| 60 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 await | obj |
| 61 | to | to | PART | _ | 62 assist | mark |
| 62 | assist | assist | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 51 await | advcl |
| 63 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 62 assist | obj |
| 64 | in | in | ADP | _ | 66 conquest | case |
| 65 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 66 conquest | nmod:poss |
| 66 | conquest | conquest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 assist | obl |
| 67 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 51 await | punct |
| 68 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 51 await | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | suppress | past | letter | letter's wrath | however property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | turn | gerund | letter not said here | letter's captains | with a bitter expression of forced composure | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to captain=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | force | participle | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | unsaddle in a quote | infinitive | your steeds | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 6 | plant in a quote | infinitive | letter | your lances | the earth | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent lance=Theme in earth=Destination | |||
| 7 | set up in a quote | participle | your tents | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient tent=Result | |||||
| 8 | take in a quote | infinitive | your repose | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent repose=Theme | |||||
| 9 | await in a quote | must | we | the mighty force | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | come in a quote | gerund | of the Wali | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of wali=Initial_Location | |||||
| 11 | assist in a quote | to-infinitive | we not said here | us | our conquest | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary | |||
| 12 | repose in a quote | your | nom repose «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/22/31/