Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 18
To the east of the city he beheld a lofty chain of mountains, towering to the sky, and crowned with shining snow.
Who acts: city · What happens: behold, tower, crown, shine · To what, where: lofty chain, snow
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 3 east | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 east | det |
| 3 | east | east | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 beheld | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 city | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 city | det |
| 6 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 east | nmod |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 beheld | nsubj |
| 8 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 chain | det |
| 10 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 chain | amod |
| 11 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 beheld | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 mountains | case |
| 13 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 chain | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 towering | punct |
| 15 | towering | tower | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 beheld | advcl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 sky | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 sky | det |
| 18 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 towering | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 crowned | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 crowned | cc |
| 21 | crowned | crown | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 beheld | conj |
| 22 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 23 shining | mark |
| 23 | shining | shine | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 crowned | advcl |
| 24 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 shining | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 beheld | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | behold | past | city | a lofty chain of mountains | to the east of the city | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer chain=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | tower | gerund | city not said here | to the sky | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | crown | participle | city not said here | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | shine | gerund | city not said here | snow | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent snow=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/18/