Legends of the conquest of Spain, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains., sentence 32
It was a fearful and gloomy pass; great beetling cliffs overhung the road, and the torrent roared below.
Who acts: bridge, great beetling cliffs, torrent · What happens: be, overhang, roar · To what, where: fearful pass, road
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Capture of Granada.—subjugation of the Alpuxarra Mountains.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bridge, great beetling cliffs, torrent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 pass | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 pass | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 pass | det |
| 4 | fearful | fearful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 pass | amod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 gloomy | cc |
| 6 | gloomy | gloomy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 fearful | conj |
| 7 | pass | pass | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 overhung | punct |
| 9 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 cliffs | amod |
| 10 | beetling | beetling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cliffs | compound |
| 11 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 overhung | nsubj |
| 12 | overhung | overhang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 pass | conj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 road | det |
| 14 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 overhung | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 roared | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 roared | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 torrent | det |
| 18 | torrent | torrent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 roared | nsubj |
| 19 | roared | roar | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 overhung | conj |
| 20 | below | below | ADV | _ | 19 roared | advmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 pass | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | bridge | a fearful pass | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | overhang | past | great beetling cliffs | the road | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme road=Co-Theme | ||||
| 3 | roar | past | the torrent | below property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/23/32/