Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Magued Against Cordova.—defence of the Patriot Pelistes., sentence 2
The inhabitants of that ancient place had beheld the great army of Don Roderick spreading like an inundation over the plain of the Guadalquivir, and had felt confident that it must sweep the infidel invaders from the land.
Who acts: inhabitants, great army, army · What happens: behold, spread, feel, sweep · To what, where: great army, plain, infidel invaders, land
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Magued Against Cordova.—defence of the Patriot Pelistes.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inhabitants, great army, army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 inhabitants | det |
| 2 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 beheld | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 place | case |
| 4 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 place | det |
| 5 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 place | amod |
| 6 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 inhabitants | nmod |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 beheld | aux |
| 8 | beheld | behold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 army | det |
| 10 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 army | amod |
| 11 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 beheld | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Don | case |
| 13 | Don | Don | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 army | nmod |
| 14 | Roderick | Roderick | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Don | flat |
| 15 | spreading | spread | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 army | acl |
| 16 | like | like | ADP | _ | 18 inundation | case |
| 17 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 inundation | det |
| 18 | inundation | inundation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 spreading | obl |
| 19 | over | over | ADP | _ | 21 plain | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 plain | det |
| 21 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 spreading | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Guadalquivir | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Guadalquivir | det |
| 24 | Guadalquivir | Guadalquivir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 plain | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 felt | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 felt | cc |
| 27 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 felt | aux |
| 28 | felt | feel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 beheld | parataxis |
| 29 | confident | confident | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 felt | xcomp |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 sweep | mark |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 sweep | nsubj |
| 32 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 sweep | aux |
| 33 | sweep | sweep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 felt | advcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 invaders | det |
| 35 | infidel | infidel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 invaders | compound |
| 36 | invaders | invader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 sweep | obj |
| 37 | from | from | ADP | _ | 39 land | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 land | det |
| 39 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 sweep | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 beheld | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | behold | past · perfect | the inhabitants of that ancient place | the great army of Don | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer army=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | spread | gerund | the great army of Don not said here | the plain of the Guadalquivir | like a inundation | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over plain=Location | |||
| 3 | feel | past · perfect | confident property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | sweep | must | army | the infidel invaders | the land | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent invader=Theme from land=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/24/2/