Legends of the conquest of Spain, Expedition of Magued Against Cordova.—defence of the Patriot Pelistes., sentence 9
Promise to stand by me to the last, and I will undertake your defence.”
Who acts: Promise, I, your · What happens: stand, undertake, defend · To what, where: defence
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Expedition of Magued Against Cordova.—defence of the Patriot Pelistes.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Promise, I, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Promise | promise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stand | nsubj |
| 2 | to | to | PART | _ | 3 stand | mark |
| 3 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 me | case |
| 5 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 stand | obl |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 last | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 last | det |
| 8 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 stand | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 undertake | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 undertake | cc |
| 11 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 undertake | nsubj |
| 12 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 undertake | aux |
| 13 | undertake | undertake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 stand | conj |
| 14 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 defence | nmod:poss |
| 15 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 undertake | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stand | punct |
| 17 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 stand | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | to-infinitive | Promise | by me; to the last | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by i=Location | ||||
| 2 | undertake | future | I | your defence | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent defence=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | defend | your | nom defence «process transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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