Legends of the conquest of Spain, Defence of the Convent of St. George By Pelistes., sentence 32
Here he paused, and alighted at a solitary farm-house to breathe his panting steed; but had scarce put foot to ground when he heard the distant sound of pursuit, and beheld a horseman spurring up the mountain.
Who acts: Pelistes, horseman · What happens: pause, alight, breathe, have, put, hear · To what, where: solitary farm house, panting steed, scarce, distant sound, horseman, mountain
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Defence of the Convent of St. George By Pelistes.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pelistes, horseman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 paused | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 paused | nsubj |
| 3 | paused | pause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 alighted | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 alighted | cc |
| 6 | alighted | alight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 paused | xcomp |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 house | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 house | det |
| 9 | solitary | solitary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 house | amod |
| 10 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 house | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 farm | punct |
| 12 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 alighted | obl |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 breathe | mark |
| 14 | breathe | breathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 alighted | advcl |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 steed | nmod:poss |
| 16 | panting | panting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 steed | compound |
| 17 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 breathe | obj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 had | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 20 had | cc |
| 20 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 paused | conj |
| 21 | scarce | scarce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 had | obj |
| 22 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 foot | amod |
| 23 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 scarce | conj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 ground | mark |
| 25 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 scarce | acl |
| 26 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 heard | advmod |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 heard | nsubj |
| 28 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 had | advcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 sound | det |
| 30 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 sound | amod |
| 31 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 heard | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 pursuit | case |
| 33 | pursuit | pursuit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sound | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 beheld | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 beheld | cc |
| 36 | beheld | behold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 paused | conj |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 horseman | det |
| 38 | horseman | horseman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 beheld | obj |
| 39 | spurring | spur | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 horseman | acl |
| 40 | up | up | ADP | _ | 39 spurring | compound:prt |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 mountain | det |
| 42 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 spurring | obj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 paused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pause | past | Pelistes | here | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | alight | participle | Pelistes not said here | a solitary farm house | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | breathe | to-infinitive | Pelistes not said here | Pelistes's panting steed | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steed=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | past | Pelistes not said here | scarce ground and put foot | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scarce=Patient | ||||
| 5 | put | participle | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | hear | past | Pelistes | the distant sound of pursuit | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | behold | past | Pelistes not said here | a horseman | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horseman=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | spur up | gerund | a horseman not said here | the mountain | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mountain=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/25/32/