Legends of the conquest of Spain, Meeting Between the Patriot Pelistes and the Traitor Julian., sentence 19
Or if, like many of his companions in arms, he should be driven to wander in foreign lands, I would join him in his hapless exile, and we would mourn together over the desolation of our country!”
Who acts: I, we · What happens: drive, wander, join, mourn, desolate · To what, where: many, foreign lands, man, hapless exile, desolation, country
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Meeting Between the Patriot Pelistes and the Traitor Julian.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 driven | cc |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 driven | mark |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 driven | punct |
| 4 | like | like | SCONJ | _ | 15 driven | mark |
| 5 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 driven | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 companions | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 companions | nmod:poss |
| 8 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 many | nmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 arms | case |
| 10 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 companions | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 driven | punct |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 driven | nsubj |
| 13 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 driven | aux |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 driven | aux:pass |
| 15 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 wander | mark |
| 17 | wander | wander | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 driven | xcomp |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 lands | case |
| 19 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 lands | amod |
| 20 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 wander | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 join | punct |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 join | nsubj |
| 23 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 join | aux |
| 24 | join | join | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 driven | conj |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 join | obj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 exile | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 exile | nmod:poss |
| 28 | hapless | hapless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 exile | amod |
| 29 | exile | exile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 join | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 mourn | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 mourn | cc |
| 32 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 mourn | nsubj |
| 33 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 mourn | aux |
| 34 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 join | conj |
| 35 | together | together | ADV | _ | 34 mourn | advmod |
| 36 | over | over | ADP | _ | 38 desolation | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 desolation | det |
| 38 | desolation | desolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 mourn | obl |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 country | case |
| 40 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 country | nmod:poss |
| 41 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 desolation | nmod |
| 42 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 15 driven | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 driven | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | should · passive | many of man's companions in arms | man nsubj | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result | ||||
| 2 | wander | to-infinitive | foreign lands | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Trajectory | |||||
| 3 | join | would | I | man | man's hapless exile | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | |||
| 4 | mourn | would | we | the desolation of our country | together property | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | desolate | our country | nom desolation «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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