Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter VI., sentence 24
When all Toledo had thus poured itself forth, and was marching with cross and relic and solemn chaunt towards the chapel, the Arabs, who had been concealed in the tower, rushed forth and barred the gates of the city.
Who acts: Toledo · What happens: pour, march, chaunt, conceal, rush, bar · To what, where: thanks, Arabs, tower, gates
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VI.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toledo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 poured | advmod |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 Toledo | det |
| 3 | Toledo | Toledo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 poured | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 poured | aux |
| 5 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 6 poured | advmod |
| 6 | poured | pour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 6 poured | obj |
| 8 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 6 poured | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 marching | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 marching | cc |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 marching | aux |
| 12 | marching | march | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 poured | conj |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 cross | case |
| 14 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 marching | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 relic | cc |
| 16 | relic | relic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 cross | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 chaunt | cc |
| 18 | solemn | solemn | ADV | _ | 19 chaunt | advmod |
| 19 | chaunt | chaunt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 marching | conj |
| 20 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 22 chapel | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 chapel | det |
| 22 | chapel | chapel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 chaunt | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 Arabs | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Arabs | det |
| 25 | Arabs | Arab | PROPN | Number=Plur | 12 marching | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 concealed | punct |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 concealed | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 concealed | aux |
| 29 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 30 concealed | aux:pass |
| 30 | concealed | conceal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 Arabs | acl |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 tower | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 tower | det |
| 33 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 concealed | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 rushed | punct |
| 35 | rushed | rush | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 tower | acl |
| 36 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 35 rushed | advmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 barred | cc |
| 38 | barred | bar | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 concealed | conj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 gates | det |
| 40 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 barred | obj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 city | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 city | det |
| 43 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 gates | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 poured | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pour | past · perfect | all Toledo | thanks | forth, thus property | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient | |||
| 2 | march | past · progressive | all Toledo not said here | the Arabs | with cross and relic | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | chaunt | infinitive | all Toledo not said here | towards the chapel; solemn property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | conceal | past · perfect · passive | the Arabs | the tower | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient in tower=Location | ||||
| 5 | rush | participle | the tower not said here | forth property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | bar | past | the gates of the city | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer gate=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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