Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Ben Nozier.—his Entrance Into Spain, and Capture of Carmona., sentence 19
Wheeling suddenly round, they opened a path through the host of their pursuers, fought their way back to the camp, and raged about it with desperate fury until they were all slain, after having killed above eight hundred of the enemy.
Who acts: Arabs · What happens: wheel, open, fight back, rage, slay, have · To what, where: path, host, way, Arabs, eight hundred
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Ben Nozier.—his Entrance Into Spain, and Capture of Carmona.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arabs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wheeling | wheel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 opened | advcl |
| 2 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 3 round | advmod |
| 3 | round | round | ADV | _ | 1 Wheeling | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Wheeling | punct |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 opened | nsubj |
| 6 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 path | det |
| 8 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 opened | obj |
| 9 | through | through | ADP | _ | 11 host | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 host | det |
| 11 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 opened | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 pursuers | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 pursuers | nmod:poss |
| 14 | pursuers | pursuer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 host | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fought | punct |
| 16 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 opened | conj |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 way | nmod:poss |
| 18 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fought | obj |
| 19 | back | back | ADV | _ | 16 fought | advmod |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 camp | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 camp | det |
| 22 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fought | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 raged | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 raged | cc |
| 25 | raged | rage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 opened | conj |
| 26 | about | about | ADP | _ | 27 it | case |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 raged | obl |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 fury | case |
| 29 | desperate | desperate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 fury | amod |
| 30 | fury | fury | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 raged | obl |
| 31 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 35 slain | mark |
| 32 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 slain | nsubj |
| 33 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 slain | aux:pass |
| 34 | all | all | ADV | _ | 35 slain | advmod |
| 35 | slain | slay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 raged | advcl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 having | punct |
| 37 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 38 having | mark |
| 38 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 35 slain | advcl |
| 39 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 having | xcomp |
| 40 | above | above | ADV | _ | 39 killed | advmod |
| 41 | eight | eight | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 hundred | compound |
| 42 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 killed | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 enemy | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 enemy | det |
| 45 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 hundred | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 opened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wheel | gerund | Arabs = arab not said here | round property | vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | open | past | Arabs = arab | a path | the host of Arabs's pursuers | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent path=Theme through host=Location | |||
| 3 | fight back | past | Arabs = arab not said here | Arabs's way | to the camp | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Co-Agent | |||
| 4 | rage | past | Arabs = arab not said here | about camp; with desperate fury | vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about it=Location | ||||
| 5 | slay | past · passive | Arabs = arab | all property | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 6 | have | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | kill | participle | eight hundred of the enemy | above property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/28/19/