Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Rise of Don Roderick.—his Government., sentence 5
His merits and misfortunes procured him many friends among the Romans; and when, being arrived at a fitting age, he undertook to revenge the wrongs of his father and his kindred, a host of brave and hardy soldiers flocked to his standard.
Who acts: merits, arm, wrongs · What happens: procure, arrive, undertake, flock · To what, where: many friends, arm, fitting age
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Rise of Don Roderick.—his Government.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merits, arm, wrongs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 merits | nmod:poss |
| 2 | merits | merit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 procured | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 misfortunes | cc |
| 4 | misfortunes | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 merits | conj |
| 5 | procured | procure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 procured | obj |
| 7 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 friends | amod |
| 8 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 procured | obj |
| 9 | among | among | ADP | _ | 11 Romans | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Romans | det |
| 11 | Romans | Roman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 friends | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 undertook | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 undertook | cc |
| 14 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 17 arrived | mark |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 arrived | punct |
| 16 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 arrived | aux:pass |
| 17 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 undertook | advcl |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 age | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 age | det |
| 20 | fitting | fitting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 age | amod |
| 21 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 arrived | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 arrived | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 undertook | nsubj |
| 24 | undertook | undertake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 procured | parataxis |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 revenge | mark |
| 26 | revenge | revenge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 undertook | advcl |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 wrongs | det |
| 28 | wrongs | wrong | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 flocked | nsubj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 father | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 father | nmod:poss |
| 31 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 wrongs | nmod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 host | cc |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 host | nmod:poss |
| 34 | kindred | kindred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 host | amod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 host | punct |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 host | det |
| 37 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 father | conj |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 soldiers | case |
| 39 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 soldiers | amod |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 hardy | cc |
| 41 | hardy | hardy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 brave | conj |
| 42 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 host | nmod |
| 43 | flocked | flock | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 undertook | conj |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 standard | case |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 standard | nmod:poss |
| 46 | standard | standard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 flocked | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 procured | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | procure | past | arm's merits and misfortunes | many friends | arm | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary friend=Theme | |||
| 2 | arrive | gerund · passive | arm not said here | at a fitting age | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V» | ||||
| 3 | undertake | past | arm | revenge advcl | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | flock | past | the wrongs of arm's father and arm's kindred host of brave soldiers | to arm's standard | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/3/5/