Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 17
Having formed his plan, and communicated it to his principal officers, he ordered that, throughout the day, there should be kept up an appearance of negligent confusion in his encampment.
Who acts: commander · What happens: form, communicate, order, keep up, plan · To what, where: plan, principal officers, that, appearance
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (commander), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 formed | aux |
| 2 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 communicated | advcl |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 plan | nmod:poss |
| 4 | plan | plan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 formed | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 communicated | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 communicated | cc |
| 7 | communicated | communicate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 communicated | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 officers | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 officers | nmod:poss |
| 11 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 officers | amod |
| 12 | officers | officer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 communicated | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 ordered | punct |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 ordered | nsubj |
| 15 | ordered | order | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 communicated | parataxis |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 ordered | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 day | punct |
| 18 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 20 day | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 day | det |
| 20 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 ordered | obl:unmarked |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 kept | punct |
| 22 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 25 kept | expl |
| 23 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 kept | aux |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 kept | aux:pass |
| 25 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 communicated | conj |
| 26 | up | up | ADP | _ | 25 kept | compound:prt |
| 27 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 appearance | det |
| 28 | appearance | appearance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 kept | obj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 confusion | case |
| 30 | negligent | negligent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 confusion | amod |
| 31 | confusion | confusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 appearance | nmod |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 encampment | case |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 encampment | nmod:poss |
| 34 | encampment | encampment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 confusion | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 communicated | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | form | gerund · perfect | commander's plan | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plan=Theme | |||||
| 2 | communicate | past | plan | commander's principal officers | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Topic to officer=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | order | past | commander | that | day | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme | |||
| 4 | keep up | should · passive | a appearance of negligent confusion in commander's encampment | there | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: appearance=Theme | ||||
| 5 | plan | commander | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/30/17/