Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 24
They were suffered to pass the ambuscade in the quarry without molestation: as they approached the Moslem camp, every thing appeared quiet; for the foot soldiers were concealed in slopes and hollows, and every Arab horseman lay in his armour beside his steed.
Who acts: forces, thing, Arab horseman · What happens: suffer, pass, approach, appear, conceal, lie · To what, where: forces, ambuscade, quarry, Moslem camp, foot soldiers, slopes
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forces, thing, Arab horseman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 suffered | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 suffered | aux:pass |
| 3 | suffered | suffer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 suffered | xcomp |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ambuscade | det |
| 7 | ambuscade | ambuscade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pass | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 quarry | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 quarry | det |
| 10 | quarry | quarry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pass | obl |
| 11 | without | without | ADP | _ | 12 molestation | case |
| 12 | molestation | molestation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pass | obl |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 approached | punct |
| 14 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 16 approached | mark |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 approached | nsubj |
| 16 | approached | approach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 suffered | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 camp | det |
| 18 | Moslem | Moslem | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 camp | amod |
| 19 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 approached | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 appeared | punct |
| 21 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 thing | det |
| 22 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 appeared | nsubj |
| 23 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 approached | conj |
| 24 | quiet | quiet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 appeared | xcomp |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 concealed | punct |
| 26 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 31 concealed | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 soldiers | det |
| 28 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 soldiers | compound |
| 29 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 concealed | nsubj |
| 30 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 concealed | aux:pass |
| 31 | concealed | conceal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 appeared | conj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 slopes | case |
| 33 | slopes | slope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 concealed | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 hollows | cc |
| 35 | hollows | hollow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 slopes | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 lay | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 lay | cc |
| 38 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 40 horseman | det |
| 39 | Arab | Arab | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 horseman | amod |
| 40 | horseman | horseman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 lay | nsubj |
| 41 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 approached | conj |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 armour | case |
| 43 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 armour | nmod:poss |
| 44 | armour | armour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 lay | obl |
| 45 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 47 steed | case |
| 46 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 steed | nmod:poss |
| 47 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 lay | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 suffered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | suffer | past · passive | forces = force | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | the ambuscade | the quarry | without molestation | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent ambuscade=Theme in quarry=Destination | |||
| 3 | approach | past | forces = force | the Moslem camp | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camp=Theme | ||||
| 4 | appear | past | every thing | quiet property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | conceal | past · passive | the foot soldiers | slopes and hollows | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient in slope=Location | ||||
| 6 | lie | past | every Arab horseman | thing's armour | beside thing's steed | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in armour=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/30/24/