Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 51
They returned to the city, therefore, scoffing at an invader who seemed fitter to lean on a crutch than wield a lance; and the terms offered by Muza, which would otherwise have been thought favourable, were scornfully rejected by the inhabitants.
Who acts: devils, invader, inhabitants · What happens: return, scoff, seem, lean, wield, offer · To what, where: terms, invader, crutch, lance
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (devils, invader, inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 returned | nsubj |
| 2 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 city | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 city | det |
| 5 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 returned | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 scoffing | punct |
| 7 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 9 scoffing | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 scoffing | punct |
| 9 | scoffing | scoff | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 returned | advcl |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 invader | case |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 invader | det |
| 12 | invader | invader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 scoffing | obl |
| 13 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 seemed | nsubj |
| 14 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 invader | acl:relcl |
| 15 | fitter | fit | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 seemed | xcomp |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 lean | mark |
| 17 | lean | lean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 fitter | xcomp |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 crutch | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 crutch | det |
| 20 | crutch | crutch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 lean | obl |
| 21 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 22 wield | mark |
| 22 | wield | wield | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 lean | advcl |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 lance | det |
| 24 | lance | lance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 wield | obj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 terms | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 terms | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 terms | det |
| 28 | terms | term | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 returned | obl |
| 29 | offered | offer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 terms | acl |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 Muza | case |
| 31 | Muza | Muza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 offered | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 thought | punct |
| 33 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 thought | obj |
| 34 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 thought | aux |
| 35 | otherwise | otherwise | ADV | _ | 38 thought | advmod |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 thought | aux |
| 37 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 38 thought | aux:pass |
| 38 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 terms | conj |
| 39 | favourable | favourable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 thought | xcomp |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 rejected | punct |
| 41 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 rejected | aux:pass |
| 42 | scornfully | scornfully | ADV | _ | 43 rejected | advmod |
| 43 | rejected | reject | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 terms | acl |
| 44 | by | by | ADP | _ | 46 inhabitants | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 inhabitants | det |
| 46 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 rejected | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 returned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | past | devils = devil | the terms | to the city result | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to city=Result | |||
| 2 | scoff | gerund | devils = devil not said here | a invader | therefore property | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | seem | past | a invader | fit property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | lean | to-infinitive | a invader not said here | a crutch | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on crutch=Location | ||||
| 5 | wield | infinitive | a invader not said here | a lance | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lance=Theme | ||||
| 6 | offer | participle | the terms not said here | by Muza | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | think speech: other | would · perfect · passive | devils = devil not said here | the terms | favourable, otherwise property | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: which=Theme | |||
| 8 | reject | past · passive | the inhabitants | the terms not said here | scornfully property | vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/30/51/