Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 60
“Surely,” whispered they, one to the other, “this must be either a devil or a magician, who can thus make himself old and young at pleasure!”
Who acts: this, devil · What happens: whisper, be, make · To what, where: ambassadors, devil, Muza · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, devil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 whispered | punct |
| 2 | Surely | surely | ADV | _ | 5 whispered | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Surely | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Surely | punct |
| 5 | whispered | whisper | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 whispered | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 one | punct |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 whispered | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 other | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 other | det |
| 11 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 one | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 devil | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 devil | punct |
| 14 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 19 devil | nsubj |
| 15 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 devil | aux |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 devil | cop |
| 17 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 19 devil | cc:preconj |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 devil | det |
| 19 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 whispered | parataxis |
| 20 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 magician | cc |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 magician | det |
| 22 | magician | magician | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 devil | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 make | punct |
| 24 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 make | nsubj |
| 25 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 make | aux |
| 26 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 27 make | advmod |
| 27 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 devil | conj |
| 28 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 27 make | obj |
| 29 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 make | xcomp |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 young | cc |
| 31 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 old | conj |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 pleasure | case |
| 33 | pleasure | pleasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 old | obl |
| 34 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 19 devil | punct |
| 35 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 devil | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | whisper speech: express | past | ambassadors = ambassador | one obj; surely property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | must | this | a devil or a magician | a magician conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | make in a quote | can | a devil or a magician | Muza | old, thus property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/30/60/