Legends of the conquest of Spain, Muza Besieges the City of Merida., sentence 8
This done, he laid waste the surrounding country to a great extent, so that a besieging army would have to encamp in a desert.
Who acts: Hearing, besieging army · What happens: do, lay, waste, besiege, have, encamp · To what, where: This, surrounding country, desert
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Muza Besieges the City of Merida.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hearing, besieging army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 done | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 laid | advcl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 done | punct |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 laid | nsubj |
| 5 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | waste | waste | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 laid | ccomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 country | det |
| 8 | surrounding | surrounding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 country | compound |
| 9 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 waste | obj |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 extent | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 extent | det |
| 12 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 extent | amod |
| 13 | extent | extent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 waste | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 have | punct |
| 15 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 21 have | mark |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 so | fixed |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 army | det |
| 18 | besieging | besiege | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 army | amod |
| 19 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 have | nsubj |
| 20 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 have | aux |
| 21 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 waste | conj |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 encamp | mark |
| 23 | encamp | encamp | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 have | xcomp |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 desert | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 desert | det |
| 26 | desert | desert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 encamp | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 laid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | participle · passive | This | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | lay | past | Hearing | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | waste | infinitive | Hearing not said here | the surrounding country | to a great extent | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Patient | |||
| 4 | besiege | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | have | would | a besieging army | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | encamp | to-infinitive | a besieging army not said here | a desert | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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