Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XII., sentence 26
The inhabitants disputed every street and public square; they made barriers of dead bodies, fighting behind these ramparts of their slaughtered countrymen.
Who acts: inhabitants · What happens: dispute, make, fight, slaughter · To what, where: street, barriers, ramparts
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inhabitants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 inhabitants | det |
| 2 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 disputed | nsubj |
| 3 | disputed | dispute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 street | det |
| 5 | street | street | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 disputed | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 square | cc |
| 7 | public | public | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 square | amod |
| 8 | square | square | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 street | conj |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 made | nsubj |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 disputed | conj |
| 12 | barriers | barrier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 made | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 bodies | case |
| 14 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 bodies | amod |
| 15 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 barriers | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 fighting | punct |
| 17 | fighting | fight | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 made | advcl |
| 18 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 20 ramparts | case |
| 19 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 20 ramparts | det |
| 20 | ramparts | rampart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 fighting | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 countrymen | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 countrymen | nmod:poss |
| 23 | slaughtered | slaughter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 countrymen | amod |
| 24 | countrymen | countryman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 ramparts | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 disputed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dispute | past | the inhabitants | every street and public square | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | past | inhabitants = inhabitant | barriers of dead bodies | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset barrier=Product | ||||
| 3 | fight | gerund | inhabitants = inhabitant not said here | this ramparts of inhabitants's slaughtered countrymen | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | slaughter | participle | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/33/26/