Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIII., sentence 12
He sent letters, therefore, ordering them to leave suitable persons in charge of their several commands, and appear, forthwith, before him at Damascus.
Who acts: safety, persons · What happens: send, order, leave, appear, charge, command · To what, where: letters, suitable persons, charge, several commands · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (safety, persons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sent | nsubj |
| 2 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 sent | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 therefore | punct |
| 5 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 2 sent | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 ordering | punct |
| 7 | ordering | order | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 sent | advcl |
| 8 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 ordering | obj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 leave | mark |
| 10 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 ordering | advcl |
| 11 | suitable | suitable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 persons | amod |
| 12 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 leave | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 charge | case |
| 14 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 leave | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 commands | case |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 commands | nmod:poss |
| 17 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 commands | amod |
| 18 | commands | command | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 charge | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 appear | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 appear | cc |
| 21 | appear | appear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 sent | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 forthwith | punct |
| 23 | forthwith | forthwith | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 appear | xcomp |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 him | punct |
| 25 | before | before | ADP | _ | 26 him | case |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 appear | parataxis |
| 27 | at | at | ADP | _ | 28 Damascus | case |
| 28 | Damascus | Damascus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 him | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past | safety | letters | therefore property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme | |||
| 2 | order | gerund | safety not said here | Letters = letter | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 3 | leave | to-infinitive | safety not said here | suitable persons | charge of persons's several commands | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent person=Theme in charge=Location | |||
| 4 | appear | infinitive | safety parataxis; forthwith property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | charge | persons's several commands | nom charge «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | command | persons = person | nom command «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/12/