Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIII., sentence 40
How I have conducted myself, the honourable warriors of thy host will tell thee; nay, let our enemies, the Christians, be asked if I have ever shown myself cowardly, or cruel, or rapacious.”
Who acts: I, honourable warriors · What happens: conduct, tell, let, ask, show · To what, where: myself, thee, enemies · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, honourable warriors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 conducted | advmod |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 conducted | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 conducted | aux |
| 4 | conducted | conduct | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 tell | advcl |
| 5 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 4 conducted | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 conducted | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 warriors | det |
| 8 | honourable | honourable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 warriors | amod |
| 9 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 tell | nsubj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 host | case |
| 11 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 12 host | nmod:poss |
| 12 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 warriors | nmod |
| 13 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 tell | aux |
| 14 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 15 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 tell | iobj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 let | punct |
| 17 | nay | nay | INTJ | _ | 19 let | discourse |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 nay | punct |
| 19 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 tell | conj |
| 20 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 21 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 let | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Christians | punct |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Christians | det |
| 24 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 19 let | xcomp |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 asked | punct |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 asked | aux:pass |
| 27 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 tell | advcl |
| 28 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 32 shown | mark |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 shown | nsubj |
| 30 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 shown | aux |
| 31 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 32 shown | advmod |
| 32 | shown | show | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 27 asked | ccomp |
| 33 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 32 shown | obl:unmarked |
| 34 | cowardly | cowardly | ADV | _ | 32 shown | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 cruel | punct |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 cruel | cc |
| 37 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 tell | parataxis |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 rapacious | punct |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 rapacious | cc |
| 40 | rapacious | rapacious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 cruel | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 tell | punct |
| 42 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 tell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | conduct | present · perfect | I | myself | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | future | the honourable warriors of thy host | thee | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | let | infinitive | the honourable warriors of thy host not said here | our enemies | the Christians xcomp | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Theme | |||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | infinitive · passive | the honourable warriors of thy host not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | show a condition, not said to happen | present · perfect | I | myself | ever | cowardly property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/40/