Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter XIII., sentence 43
When vanquished they escape like goats to the mountains, for they need not see the ground they tread on.”
Who acts: Spaniards · What happens: vanquish, escape, not see, tread on · To what, where: ground
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter XIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spaniards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 2 vanquished | advmod |
| 2 | vanquished | vanquish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 escape | advcl |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 escape | nsubj |
| 4 | escape | escape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 goats | case |
| 6 | goats | goat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 escape | obl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 mountains | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 mountains | det |
| 9 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 goats | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 see | punct |
| 11 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 15 see | mark |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 see | nsubj |
| 13 | need | need | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 see | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 see | advmod |
| 15 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 escape | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 ground | det |
| 17 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 see | obj |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 tread | nsubj |
| 19 | tread | tread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 ground | acl:relcl |
| 20 | on | on | ADV | _ | 19 tread | advmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 escape | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 escape | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | vanquish | participle | Spaniards = spaniard not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | escape | present | Spaniards = spaniard | like goats to the mountains | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not see | present | Spaniards = spaniard | the ground | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ground=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | tread on | present | Spaniards = spaniard | the ground not said here | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location ground=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/34/43/